Critical Reflection And Intercultural Relations Between...

Deeply embedded in Islam, Maimonides philosophical works engages in critical reflection and analysis of intercultural relations between Jewish and Muslim traditions and the nature of experiencing the divine. In contrast to his Muslim counterparts however, Maimonides argues against the Muslim hierarchy by stating that no one could ever surpass Moses or his prophecy. Thus Maimonides indirectly rejects the Muslim belief of Muhammad, as well as the Koran, superseding Moses and the Torah. While Judaism and Islam share a monotheist theology, their distinctions and theological overlaps of religious prophecy raises issues of superiority and supremacy in Jewish and Muslim traditions. According to Annabel Keeler, author of, Moses from a Muslim Perspective, the Koran is the Islamic sacred book, believed to be the direct word of Allah, as dictated to Muhammad, in which illustrates Muhammad’s struggle to spread the belief of G-d, as well as highlights the rejection of the Jewish people to Allah. Keeler, in explicating the Islamic view of Moses, demonstrates that Moses exhibits several of the major themes in Islamic tradition, and is therefore mentioned 502 times in the Koran since he is the prophet â€Å"whose career as a messenger of God, lawgiver and leader of his community most closely parallels and foreshadows that of Muhammad†. Thus Moses is considered to be a prophetic predecessor to Muhammad, as well as the pioneer of Muslim prayer since he was the first to establish the practice of

The New World Of Avatar - 1229 Words

I agree that New Worlds need to be strikingly visual in order to make an impact because at the end of the day, any art form or media needs to gain attention and attract viewers. A strikingly visual setting, when done right can tell many stories. New World media involves a lot of fantasy as it is a striking, and an innovate way to view one’s world in the context of another world. Avatar is one example of a New World media that is strikingly visual and has had a huge impact in the movie industry, not only because it grossed over 2 billion dollars worldwide but because of the new age technology needed to create such a masterpiece and the themes involved in the final product. The themes highlighting colonization, and it’s affect on the natives, or in this case, the Na’vi. all very similar to the real life aspects, but done in the form of fantasy so it is taking in a place of fiction. Another example of a strikingly visual form of New World media is photography and Michael Cook’s photography, which incorporates fantasy and reality to bring light to social issues and various injustices that occurred due to colonization. James Cameron’s Avatar being in 3D was one element that contributed to the stiking visualization of the movie. 3D visualizations attract viewers because 3D is the natural form of vision for predators. Stereoscopic 3D vision contributes to a sharper and more insightful trajectory interception, hence the reason viewers are more drawn to 3D movies than 2D ones.Show MoreRelatedLacan ´s Mirror Stage Essay1284 Words   |  6 Pageshuman mind truth identity and agency in the world. Advance in technologies brought us an opportunity to create virtual worlds2 and in many ways artificial reality is bound by the fundamental rules of gravity, day night cycle, space distance and even living creatures to inhabit the virtual world. 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Piper, Phoebe and Prue Halliwell are wives with children and careers, and all three of them are witches—the charmed ones—whose powers with magic are stronger when they work together. Feminist theory is inscribed in the narrative world of these three sisters. As female leads, they are portrayed as â€Å"transcending the typical media boundaries of females.† (The Artifice). Piper, Phoebe and Prue all challenge the var ious stereotypes previously attached to the portrayal of women in narrativesRead MoreEssay on Virtual Worlds Defined1511 Words   |  7 PagesVirtual Worlds Defined Modern virtual worlds are massive, simulated environments that can be accessed via the World Wide Web. Virtual worlds can be categorized into two distinct groups: â€Å"gaming† virtual worlds and â€Å"social† virtual worlds. As their names imply, these two categories of virtual worlds are distinguished by their overall purposes. The first type is designed primarily for game play, and the second type almost exclusively for communications. Gaming virtual worlds also abbreviated as

Lack of Motivation/ work ethic in American youth Free Essays

string(93) " the individual includes affiliation, recognition of talents and potentials, and competence\." Every one is faced with the challenge of living his life amidst the challenges that it presents to the individual. The individual must determine the way he must live his life, the way he is supposed to live his life, and how to behave or react to the situations that life presents to him. In a way, all individual carries a goal in his life in order for him to get what he wants and what he deserves. We will write a custom essay sample on Lack of Motivation/ work ethic in American youth or any similar topic only for you Order Now Through these situations, one may feel overwhelmed and incapable of making the right choices at the right time. there are also several times in which a person will experience failure and be wrong about the decisions in his life. To understand the cause of failure, the emotions that contributes and results to failure, entails a sense of lack of interest for the individual to pursue his dreams or aspirations in life. All these things are a contributing factor to the development of motivation in the individual. Or the absence of which defines the lack of motivation. The paper will explore the concept of motivation. In doing so, the discussion regarding how motivation is developed and the reasons for the lack of it will be evaluated. Specifically, the paper will examine why American youths lacks motivation and work ethic despite the opportunities presented to them in a first-world country like the United States. To begin, let us define the concept of motivation. Motivation is defined as a noun that gives a person a reason to act (Encarta, 2006). It can also be defined as the desire of an individual to accomplish a goal or participate in any activity that promotes his goals and aspirations in life.   Motivation is the driving force behind the actions and behaviors of an organism. It is the internal state or condition that gives direction or desire to drive the person towards a goal-oriented behavior. Motivation should also be understood as based on emotions. It is the search for positive emotional experiences. A person motivated tries not to worry about the challenges or the negative ideas when facing challenges. Motivation is essential to be part of one person’s growth and life because simply, it involves the person’s performance in all learned responses to the challenges. One good theoretical definition of motivation is used by Abraham Maslow in his developed concept, the hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy of needs explains how personality influences different fields of and within the individual. Maslow uses the hierarchy to reflect the realities of personal experiences. Maslow as a psychology theoretician is classified in one of the school of though in psychology which is the humanist approach. In the particular view, their approach is not based on mechanical forces, reinforcements or stimuli, unconscious instinctual impulses or how other psychology school of thought perceives it. Humanist believes that the individual’s potentials drive him to his success. Maslow attributed that the fullness of one’s potentials is contributed by a mentality of a fully functioning person and a person who has a healthy personality. Maslow attributed these characteristics to a self-actualized person. The contribution of Maslow in defining the character of an individual is essential for us in understanding why US teenagers lack motivation nowadays and lacks work ethics. In Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of needs, the basic needs such as food, shelter and clothing are instinctive needs. The basic needs are the first level in Maslow’s five levels of basic needs. The needs mentioned above the basic needs are understanding, esthetic appreciation and purely spiritual needs. It must be noted that the fist level of needs must be fulfilled first before the rest and above needs are fulfilled. The need mentioned by Maslow that is important in the development of one’s self is first the physiological needs. The physiological needs are biological needs that serve as the basic needs like oxygen, food and water. Second, the safety needs. The safety needs, after the physiological needs are satisfied, the need for security alarms the person. Take for instance an adult responding to an emergency or a child’s moments of insecurity. Third level is the need for love, affection and belongingness. After the two latter needs are satisfied, Maslow theorized that people seek to overcome feelings of loneliness and alienation. That is why this need is realized through socialization processes of the individual. The fourth level is the need for esteem. Both self-esteem and esteem from other persons becomes dominant at one point. Human needs stable self-respect and respect from other people. Without this realization, people tend to feel weak, helpless and worthless. After four below levels are satisfied, the top level emerges and becomes dominant. This is the need for self-actualization. This level is what Maslow attributed as the person in which he must be and was born to be. The self-actualization needs enable the person to feel restless, on the edge or even confused in his pursuit for his right state of mind. Maslow believes that this level makes an individual realize what he must be doing for his personal fulfillment. He also believes that the society is placing hindrances for a person to fulfill his self-actualization needs. Education is one of the hindrances that Maslow mentioned. This had caused the call for action of educators to respond to this need and focus on the potentials of the individual. After providing the basic theoretical concept for us to understand the lack of motivation and work ethics among teenagers, the concrete studies and reasons for such will be discussed and explored. Many studies had already contributed in the society’s understanding of how humans are motivated and the reasons for the lack of it. We mentioned earlier the theory conceptualized by Maslow, the Hierarchy of Needs, because the strong point in using this theory is the comprehension that the higher level of needs of the individual includes affiliation, recognition of talents and potentials, and competence. You read "Lack of Motivation/ work ethic in American youth" in category "Essay examples" Motivation is a concept in life that that originated in the Latin word â€Å"motus† which means to move. Being motivated is an indication of a person’s strong will to overcome obstacles and challenges. It initiates action for the individual to move towards a direction beneficial for him. Motivation is regarded as a process of integrating and interaction between internal and external factors of an individual. LACK OF MOTIVATION In understanding the lack of motivation among teenagers in the United States, we must first give importance to the role of society and its means that reflects the lack of motivation among teens. Today, media and entertainment influence greatly on teenagers. Each of them is influenced through music, movies and others. These factors one way or another, without us knowing, is a contributing factor to one’s lack of motivation, the same way that these influences become a motivating factor in the formation of goals of teenagers. Some of them want to become rich and popular. Some wants to like the personalities that they admire. But in further discussion of the lack of motivation and work ethics among teenagers, several reasons can be attributed to such in a much larger perspective and theoretical framework. According to Stipek (1988), several reasons for the lack of motivation are brought by internal and external factors. Teenagers do not define goals that characterize their personal success. These goals initiate the motivation, the drive for the person to do something to fulfill them. Or even if they have goals, the goals and activities in which it is executed is the wrong method in fulfilling it. The goals may also be non-achievable goals. Another attributed reason for the lack of motivation is the negative feelings and emotions one person situates his or herself at. Teenagers also have the tendency to set goals for future endeavors, and if they fail, they lose the drive to try to achieve it once more. That is why goals must be set within bounds of achieving them in time. The prolong satisfaction of achieving goals in the distant future affects teenagers lack of motivation. The goals set by teenagers also are not reflected in their present-day activities. The activities they include themselves may be not related to the goals they have set. Stipek (1988) also mentioned that the important goals teenagers must achieve should not conflict their present-day activities. Motivation also comes with reinforcements and rewards. Lack of motivation can also be attributed to low incentives that teenagers get disappointed at. Another significant reason why teenagers lack motivation is the interference and influence of personal problems in their family, society and the activities they participate in. To address to this problem, parents and educators must share the same responsibility to increase motivation among teenagers to achieve success and realize their potentials. As we have discussed the reasons for teenagers’ lack of motivation, it is now the goal of educators, parents and the society in greater scale to act on this phenomenon. Parents and educators must encourage teenagers to become authentic, to listen to themselves and the inner voices that govern their emotions. Parents and educators must teach the teenagers to be different because the reality is, everybody is different. The media and the different personalities and figures in the society today greatly influences teens today and this brings several challenges for the development of one’s individuality. Teenagers want to be who ever they admire and see on television, which brought such problems as the reason why teenagers want to be skinny, undergo surgical procedures to look like their idols or be popular. They must teach teenagers to transcend the limitations and perception of cultural differences. They must also teach the importance of following their hearts desire, as clichà © as it may sound. Their calling, fate or destiny will be able to motivate them in achieving their goals. To this goal parents and educators must encourage teenagers to discover their potentials and develop the skills they inherently have. Also important is to instill in teenagers mind that life is worth to be experienced thus the need to do necessary actions to live life to the fullest and to their potentials. Parents and educators must also accept the teenagers for their own personality and must not give reasons for them to doubt what they want is not what they are supposed to do. Encouragement and reinforcements is very essential in overcoming the challenge with lack of motivation. from the real attitudes and perception of the teenagers, potentials are discovered and further developed into something the teenager will perceive as essential for him to achieve success and happiness. Also as the responsibility of parents, the basic needs must be satisfied. Included in which is safety, belongingness and esteem need. Parents must secure these needs before the teenager can focus on his personal development and achievement of goals. He will appreciate the things done for him to achieve success in life. As for the role of educators, they must refresh the knowledge and consciousness of teenagers for them to realize their importance in the society. In conjunction with satisfying the need for belongingness, teenagers are encouraged and motivated is they have an idea of their worth and importance of the role they play in the society. Teenagers must be taught to control the activities in their lives, to get involve in activities that are related to their goals. When an individual has control in their life, it naturally improves the condition of their life in all aspects. This means that teenagers must be taught to be aware how to grace under pressure and practice minimalism. Teenagers must also be encouraged by parent and educators to never give in to failure. They must let them understanding the failures is a natural occurrence that one has to learn and live in. parents and educators must also encourage teenagers to transcend into personal problems for their own benefits. With the growing alarm rate of divorced parents in the United States, parents must make it a priority to let teenagers understand the situation for them to realize that they are still important amidst the personal problems they encounter. Whether it may occur in the home or in school, the responsibility to overcome lack of motivation must involve the teenager to adhere to the situation and react to it in a positive manner. Although this is not an easy process as we are still govern mostly of our emotions, parents and educators must enforce teenager’s perception of a better life ahead of these problems and negative situations. Lastly, parents and educators must give teenagers the right to choose and present them with viable choices for them fulfill their potentials, goals and aspirations. Reference: Stipek, D. (1988). Motivation to learn: From theory to practice. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Mary, Rose. â€Å"Tips on how to overcome lack of motivation while working at home†. EzineArticles. November 1, 2006. December 1, 2006 http://ezinearticles.com/?Tips-on-How-to-Overcome-Lack-of-Motivation-While-Working-at-Homeid=344463 Huitt, W. (2004). â€Å"Maslow’s hierarchy of needs†. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta State University. Retrieved December 1, 2006 from, http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/regsys/maslow.html. Anonymous. â€Å"Adherance to Youth Guidelines.† 1. Maslow, A. H. â€Å"A Theory of Human Motivation.† Classics in the History of Psychology Christopher D. Green, 1943. Messina, J. J., and Messina, C. M. . â€Å"Testing Motivation in Recovery.† 2006. Perera, Karl. â€Å"Self-Motivation.† 2005.    How to cite Lack of Motivation/ work ethic in American youth, Essay examples

Innovative Delivery of Target Australia Free-Samples for Students

Question: Identify a Potential Business venture Incorporating a new or Emerging technology and Produce a report on their venture to the class. Answer: Introduction The report focuses on the implementation of a new technology in a company. It can be said that development of technology and science in the company operations leads to the success of the business of the company in terms of competition and profitability. The company chosen for new technology is Target Australia Pty Ltd. The technology that Target Australia Pty Ltd will be using in terms of product delivery is Un-manned delivery options using robotics vehicle. The report will provide a detailed description of the technology used by Target Australia Pty Ltd in its business operations. Apart from that, many issues are pointed out in terms of legal problems, competitors pressure, environmental support, governmental support, etc. are to be described in details so that the company can use the technology in order to increase the profitability as well as increase of sales. The main aim of Target Australia Pty Ltd is to increase the customer satisfaction by the use of robots in the Un-manned d elivery options so that it can put emphasis on the issue of decreasing sales. Identification of the potential business venture incorporating a new and emerging technology Background of the organization: Target Australia Pty Ltd is a departmental store in Australia that sells products at mid prices. The company is owned by Wesfarmers and has largest number of stores across different region of Australia. Target Australia Pty Ltd is operating over 125 Target County Stores and 183 Target stores across Australia. The company has reputation as a well known retailer that focuses on selling cosmetics, clothing, electrical, toys, consumer electronics, fitness and homewares. Target Australia Pty Ltd is considered as an iconic retailer in Australia that has dedicated to create style, fashion, and quality, which are affordable to common people. The company is committed to provide quality products and services to the different Australian consumers. However, it can be said that due to the high competition and the different of departmental stores that are ruling in Australia, the sales of the company is gradually decreasing in terms of online platforms. Hence, the company is focused on using techn ologies that are used in the faster delivery options to the Australian customers (Target, 2017). Potential need for incorporating the potential venture: The only major reason for availing the unmanned delivery service is to offer the fastest service and reduce the wait to near zero time. The aim of the Company is to deliver quality products at a low price and in the least possible time. Target Australia Pty Ltd business model is pretty simple (Leonardi et al., 2014). It has been found that the demand for the supply of product is increasing and people are relying on home delivery rather than going to the market and making the purchase. Keeping the increasing demand into consideration, it is important for the Company to deliver the product as quickly as possible. It is for the same reason unmanned delivery service could be the most effective strategy that Target Australia Pty Ltd could undertake in order to fulfill the objectives of the business (Nufer, 2013). In addition to this, there also remain the chance that the Company would also be able to increase the influence and prevalence of its brand in the online market. It has been found that the Company has not been gaining the targeted revenue as it has aimed at. The reason could be the increased number of competitors in the market. In order to create greater domination in the market, it is important to come up with an innovative approach that would eventually help to boost the sales of the Company and would target more numbers of consumers (Rubinstein et al., 2014). If the Company becomes successful in the unmanned delivery services, it would create a revolutionary move in the online retail services and Target Australia Pty Ltd would be considered as the innovator of the service in the major operating regions of Australia. In fact, this mode of service would make it challenging for the competitors to compete with Target Australia Pty Ltd and provide similar service to the increasing demanding consumers. In addition to this, the Company would also get the potentiality of making sustainability approach towards the environment (Belik, 2016). It is w hen the delivery option would no longer depend on fuel based vehicles the Company can contribute towards a greener and pollution free environment as well. Discussion on the acquisition of the new technology Proposed innovative approach undertaken: The innovative delivery option that has been undertaken for this retail company is that the company would come up with an app that would give the consumers the ability to control the delivery of the product. It has been found that many organizations like Amazon or Dominos has already considered the option of unmanned delivery in order to reduce the time and cost of delivering products (Hilvert Swindell, 2013). However, the new and innovative approach that Target Australia Pty Ltd would consider is that the Company would offer the control of the delivery location to the consumers only. The consumers would be able to reset the delivery location as per their convenience. It has been found that many times the location set by the consumers needs to be changed because the delivery takes time and by the mean time, the consumers might have to change the location (Miller, 2013). However, it can be ascertain that the change in location would not be far away. Most importantly, Target Australia Pty Ltd is responsible for delivering the product in the local regions only and thus, the change in location would not be much complex. It is a unique means of delivering service and that it is expected that in target would undertake this approach, it would eventually increase the revenue of the organization. It has been found that the major delivering areas where the Company has to deliver its products are the college campuses or the office and residential areas where there remains the opportunity of delivering products in the open and wide areas. Thus, there would be enough space for the drone to navigate the area and deliver the same to the consumers. As commented by Friedman and Gerstein, (2014), people are getting accustomed with the changes in the services and the experiences with manned and unmanned services are common scenarios. Robotic cars, use of robots for serving people in restaurants are common things with which people are getting accu stomed. Thus, the opportunity of delivering goods by unmanned vehicle is high. Advantages and benefits of the acquisition of the technology: If Target Australia Pty Ltd would undertake the option of unmanned delivery, the organization would be gaining advantages from various aspects of the business. These can be mentioned below: Innovative delivery option: This delivery option looks like a science fiction but in real. The new delivery system has the advantage of delivering the product within a small time. Advantage of delivering in difficult terrain regions: Target Australia Pty Ltd would be able to deliver its products even in the difficult terrain like the mountains, jungles with ease taking the shortest route in many cases (Hilvert Swindell, 2013). Thus, any kind of restricted area in terms of its infrastructure like the rail lines or the highways can be easily avoided and drone delivery service would do the rest of the work. Cost effectives: Most importantly, unmanned delivery services are cost effective compared to what is paid to the human pilot that remains the only option for delivering the products. When the overall cost of service and delivery reduces, there would remain the opportunity for the Company to reduce their overall cost of the products and they could offer more discounts or free delivery charges to the consumers (Belik, 2016). Potential steps undertaken for achieving the objectives: It is important to legalize the delivery approach that the organization might undertake. The Company needs to test the delivering options so that it would not create any kind of mis management in the area of operation. Therefore, it is expected that if al, kinds of legal formalities are met and the unmanned delivery vehicle is tested before making the delivery in actual, there remains the possibility that the planned delivery option would be a successful one. Identification of difficulties Legal problems: The legal problems of the use of robotics in the system of Un-manned delivery options are restricted to the daytime use. It is said that the robot vehicles usually do not operate with the persons who are not associated with flights. Those vehicles should yield to another aircraft. The vehicles will fly more than 500 ft above the sky. The operations of the technology will be controlled by the consumers in terms of their time of delivery of items to them. The regulatory body in Australia has formulated laws and orders that will formulate laws of the sky. The robotic vehicles must have the remote pilot certificate. On the other hand, hobbyists are responsible for flying the un-manned vehicle without having two licenses (Visser, Nemoto Browne, 2014). The regulations of the regulatory departments in Australia have many limitations such as the robotics vehicle operators must keep the unmanned aircraft system in the line of sight. It will effectively prohibit the drone services of Google a nd Amazon. The operators must be minimum of 16 years of age while having a remote pilot certificate that will come from UAS rating. The vehicles must pass the privacy issues that falls under National Telecommunications and Information Administration. The robotics vehicles of Target Australia Pty Limited have to pass through a background check of TSA. They must have anti collision lights if they will fly in twilight. Otherwise, the vehicles are not allowed to fly in the evening or in low light (Rodrigues et al., 2017). Environmental issues: It can be said that the un-manned delivery system of Target Australia Pty Ltd are responsible for having environmental impact. The robotic vehicles in terms of energy consumption are equivalent to run approximately 5 to 6 times as many delivery vans on the road. It can be said that the environment gets affected in terms of the aerial environment. It is seen that the robotic vehicles present in the sky are hurting the creatures above the sky. Apart from that, it is termed as a willful destruction of the aerial habitat of the birds. The energy consumption is also huge (Nicholas Carswell, 2013). Target Australia Pty Ltd will notice many accidents in the un-manned delivery system technology automation. Support from the government: It is seen that government of Australia may support the technologies used by Target Australia Pty Ltd in the un-manned system delivery using robotic vehicles in their country like that of the delivery of the products sold by other companies. Government of Australia is responsible for the support of the technology of the company that focused on the exploration of the viability of the delivery of the small parcels that is delivered by the robotic vehicles. It is for the first time Australian company uses this technology for faster delivery of their products to the customers in their online platforms. However, it can be said that the other teams of regulatory bodies of Australia that are related with this technology such as Civil Aviation Authority that will give permission to the company while exploring three major areas such as obstacle avoidance, operations beyond the line of sight, and flights where a single person operates different multiple robotic vehicles (Rodrigues et al., 2017 ). It can be said that the robotic vehicles of Target Australia Pty Ltd. are responsible of carrying many deliverables that weighs 3 kg. It is predicted that the company will increase its sales by using this technology. The sales amount will result to almost 85% of the sales. The aim of the company is to deliver the products within 30 minutes of time to the customers around different parts of the world. This approach is considered as the ground-breaking approach that will be safely used by Target Australia Pty Ltd in the logistics industry. The approach is responsible for identifying different types of safety regulations and operating rules that is required for moving the drone industry across different parts of the world (Pajares, 2015). Competitors pressure: Robotic vehicles technology in the un-manned system of delivery is a modern technology that will be not only used by Target Australia Pty Ltd. but also many other companies in different sectors. The lists of companies using drone technologies are Just Eat, Yo! Sushi, Walmart, Balfour Beatty, Amazon, Drones for farming, Asda drones, Gaudis Sagrada Familia, etc. These companies use drone technologies for many purposes (Duan Li, 2014). However, it can be said that as a departmental store after Asda, Target Australia Pty Ltd. is the first company that has used drone technology in the delivery of their products to the customers in Australia. Apart from that, it can be said that there are few companies, which are using the drone technology for delivering customers products. The list of companies is Dominos Pizza, Ukranian Postal Service, Mercedes, Workhorse, etc. These are considered as the direct competitors of Target Australia Pty Ltd. of the delivery services (Yang Coughlin, 2014). Conclusion It can be concluded that the robotics vehicle technology that will be used by Target Australia Pty Ltd. has numerous benefits. It is mentioned in the report in a detailed manner. However, the company is facing many issues in terms of legal aspects, environmental aspects, competitors aspect, etc. Recommendations will be formulated based on the problems that will be faced by Target Australia Pty Ltd. in terms of implementation of the new technology in the different business operations in terms of product delivery. Target Australia Pty Ltd. needs to develop the robotics ecosystem, which will improve regulatory spaces for the technology management before the delivery through the vehicles can get off from the ground. The un-manned system of delivery using robotic vehicles recognized of having a great potential while enhancing the services in order to provide rapid parcel delivery to millions of customers, which will increase the overall efficiency, and safety of the transportation system of the products delivered by Target Australia Pty Ltd. It is also pointed out that, there are certain characteristics of the products that are delivered by the technology. However, it can be said that 70% of the packages of Target products fit the criteria of the weight qualification program of the company. There are many legal regulations that the company is facing in Australia in order to continue the operations within the country. Recommendations The report describes about numerous benefits and aspects of un-manned system of faster delivery. However, apart from having many advantages, there are issues also that Target Australia Pty Ltd. will be facing while using the robotics vehicle technology in the actual field of operations. Though Target Australia Pty Ltd. is one of the most renowned companies in Australia, it has used many technologies for starting the un-manned system of faster delivery services for fast delivery of the products to the Australian customers. But recommendations are provided based on the issues that will be faced by the new technology (Callam, 2015). The company should use anti collusion lights to the robotic vehicles so that they can work in the twilight. The vehicles must pass to the tests of the regulatory bodies of the Australia. The emerging technology must reduce the environmental impact of the atmosphere. The vehicles must improve their services while increasing their areas of operations as the competitor companies are increasing (Anderson Gaston, 2013). Target Australia Pty Ltd. must approach to government of various countries for the world to get support from different aspects such as financial and other technological help. Technologies are to be used that are to be used for increasing the durability of the technologies of Target Australia Pty Ltd References BAnderson, K., Gaston, K. J. (2013). Lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles will revolutionize spatial ecology.Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,11(3), 138-146. Belik, M. (2016).Innovative developments and managerial factors as key enablers of deepwater riser project delivery(Master's thesis, University of Stavanger, Norway). Callam, A. (2015). Drone wars: Armed unmanned aerial vehicles.International Affairs Review,18. Duan, H., Li, P. (2014).Bio-inspired computation in unmanned aerial vehicles. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Friedman, H. H., Gerstein, M. (2014). Innovative Pricing Strategies: A Primer. Hilvert, C., Swindell, D. (2013). Collaborative service delivery: What every local government manager should know.State and Local Government Review,45(4), 240-254. Leonardi, J., Browne, M., Allen, J., Zunder, T., Aditjandra, P. T. (2014). Increase urban freight efficiency with delivery and servicing plan.Research in Transportation Business Management,12, 73-79. Miller, J. B. (2013).Principles of public and private infrastructure delivery(Vol. 101). Springer Science Business Media. Nicholas, F. C., Carswell, I. B. (2013).U.S. Patent Application No. 13/937,148. Nufer, G. (2013). Guerrilla MarketingInnovative or Parasitic Marketing?.Modern Economy,4(09), 1. Pajares, G. (2015). Overview and current status of remote sensing applications based on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).Photogrammetric Engineering Remote Sensing,81(4), 281-329. Rodrigues, D., de Melo Pires, R., Marconato, E. A., Areias, C., Cunha, J. C., Branco, K. R. C., Vieira, M. (2017). Service-Oriented Architectures for a Flexible and Safe Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles.IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Magazine,9(1), 97-109. Rubinstein, E., Lee, J. J., Fried, A., Logvinenko, T., Ngo, P., McDonald, D., Hait, E. J. (2014). Comparison of 2 delivery vehicles for viscous budesonide to treat eosinophilic esophagitis in children.Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition,59(3), 317-320. Target.com.au (2017) About Us Retrieved from: https://www.target.com.au/help/contact-us [Accessed on: 20-5-2017] Visser, J., Nemoto, T., Browne, M. (2014). Home delivery and the impacts on urban freight transport: A review.Procedia-social and behavioral sciences,125, 15-27. Yang, J., Coughlin, J. F. (2014). In-vehicle technology for self-driving cars: Advantages and challenges for aging drivers.International Journal of Automotive Technology,15(2), 333-340.

Flea By John Donne Essays - John Donne, , Term Papers

Flea By John Donne Conceits on John Donne's "The Flea" John Donne was born into an old Roman Catholic family. At age 11 he entered the University of Oxford, where he studied for three years. He spent the next three years at the University on Cambridge, but took no degree at either university. In 1593, Donne's younger brother died in prison after being arrested for harboring a priest. Donne relinquished his Roman Catholic faith and joined the Anglican Church. His first book of poems, Satires, was written during this period and was considered one of Donne's most important literary efforts. Songs and Sonnets was also written about this same time. Donne sat in Queen Elizabeth's last parliament until 1601, when he secretly married seventeen-year-old Anne More, and was thereby imprisoned. During the next few years Donne made a meager living as a lawyer. As Donne approached forty, he published two anti-Catholic polemics that pledged an oath of allegiance to James I, king of England, and won him the favor of the king. He was appointed Royal Chaplain later that year. In due course, he was appointed Reader in Divinity at Lincoln's Inn Anne Donne died in 1617, aged thirty-three after giving birth to their twelfth child. Donne continued to write poetry. In 1621 James I appointed him dean of Saint Paul's Cathedral; he held that position until his death.

The Invasion of Normandy in World War II (D-Day)

The Invasion of Normandy in World War II (D-Day) The Invasion of Normandy began on June 6, 1944, during World War II (1939-1945). Commanders Allies General Dwight D. EisenhowerGeneral Bernard MontgomeryGeneral Omar BradleyAir Chief Marshal Trafford Leigh-MalloryAir Chief Marshal Arthur TedderAdmiral Sir Bertram Ramsay Germany Field Marshal Gerd von RundstedtField Marshal Erwin Rommel A Second Front In 1942, Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt issued a statement that the western allies would work as quickly as possible to open a second front to relieve pressure on the Soviets. Though united in this goal, issues soon arose with the British who favored a thrust north from the Mediterranean, through Italy and into southern Germany. This approach was advocated by Churchill who also saw a line of advance from the south as placing British and American troops in a position to limit the territory occupied by the Soviets. Against this strategy, the Americans advocated a cross-Channel assault which would move through Western Europe along the shortest route to Germany. As American strength grew, they made it clear that this was the only approach they would support. Codenamed Operation Overlord, planning for the invasion began in 1943 and potential dates were discussed by Churchill, Roosevelt, and Soviet leader Joseph Stalin at the Tehran Conference. In November of that year, planning passed to General Dwight D. Eisenhower who was promoted to Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF) and given command of all Allied forces in Europe. Moving forward, Eisenhower adopted a plan begun by the Chief of Staff of the Supreme Allied Commander (COSSAC), Lieutenant General Frederick E. Morgan, and Major General Ray Barker. The COSSAC plan called for landings by three divisions and two airborne brigades in Normandy. This area was chosen by COSSAC due to its proximity to England, which facilitated air support and transport, as well as its favorable geography. The Allied Plan Adopting the COSSAC plan, Eisenhower appointed General Sir Bernard Montgomery to command the invasions ground forces. Expanding the COSSAC plan, Montgomery called for landing five divisions, preceded by three airborne divisions. These changes were approved and planning and training moved forward. In the final plan, the American 4th Infantry Division, led by Major General Raymond O. Barton, was to land at Utah Beach in the west, while the 1st and 29th Infantry Divisions landed to the east on Omaha Beach. These divisions were commanded by Major General Clarence R. Huebner and Major General Charles Hunter Gerhardt. The two American beaches were separated by a headland known as Pointe du Hoc. Topped by German guns, capture of this position was tasked to Lieutenant Colonel James E. Rudders 2nd Ranger Battalion. Separate and to the east of Omaha were Gold, Juno, and Sword Beaches which were assigned to the British 50th (Major General Douglas A. Graham), Canadian 3rd (Major General Rod Keller), and British 3rd Infantry Divisions (Major General Thomas G. Rennie) respectively. These units were supported by armored formations as well as commandos. Inland, the British 6th Airborne Division (Major General Richard N. Gale) was to drop to the east of the landing beaches to secure the flank and destroy several bridges to prevent the Germans from bringing up reinforcements. The US 82nd (Major General Matthew B. Ridgway) and 101st Airborne Divisions (Major General Maxwell D. Taylor) were to drop to the west with the goal of opening routes from the beaches and destroying artillery that could fire on the landings (Map). The Atlantic Wall Confronting the Allies was the Atlantic Wall which consisted of a series of heavy fortifications. In late 1943, the German commander in France, Field Marshal Gerd von Rundstedt, was reinforced and given noted commander Field Marshal Erwin Rommel. After touring the defenses, Rommel found them wanting and ordered that they be greatly expanded. Having assessed the situation, the Germans believed that the invasion would come at the Pas de Calais, the closest point between Britain and France. This belief was encouraged by an elaborate Allied deception scheme, Operation Fortitude, which suggested that Calais was the target. Split into two major phases, Fortitude utilized a mix of double agents, fake radio traffic, and the creation of fictitious units to mislead the Germans.  The largest fake formation created was the First US Army Group under the leadership of Lieutenant General George S. Patton.  Ostensibly based in southeastern England opposite Calais, the ruse was supported by the construction of dummy buildings, equipment, and landing craft near likely embarkation points. These efforts proved successful and German intelligence remained convinced that the main invasion would come at Calais even after landings commenced in Normandy.   Moving Forward As the Allies required a full moon and a spring tide, possible dates for the invasion were limited. Eisenhower first planned to move forward on June 5, but was forced to delay due to poor weather and high seas. Faced with the possibility of recalling the invasion force to port, he received a favorable weather report for June 6 from Group Captain James M. Stagg. After some debate, orders were issued to launch the invasion on June 6. Due to the poor conditions, the Germans believed that no invasion would occur in early June. As a result, Rommel returned to Germany to attend a birthday party for his wife and many officers left their units to attend war games at Rennes. The Night of Nights Departing from airbases around southern Britain, the Allied airborne forces began arriving over Normandy. Landing, the British 6th Airborne successfully secured the Orne River crossings and accomplished it objectives including capturing the large artillery battery complex at Merville. The 13,000 men of the US 82nd and 101st Airbornes were less fortunate as their drops were scattered which dispersed units and placed many far from their targets. This was caused by thick clouds over the drop zones which led to only 20% being marked correctly by pathfinders and enemy fire. Operating in small groups, the paratroopers were able to achieve many of their objectives as the divisions pulled themselves back together. Though this dispersal weakened their effectiveness, it caused great confusion among the German defenders. The Longest Day The assault on the beaches began shortly after midnight with Allied bombers pounding German positions across Normandy. This was followed by a heavy naval bombardment. In the early morning hours, waves of troops began hitting the beaches. To the east, the British and Canadians came ashore on Gold, Juno, and Sword Beaches. After overcoming initial resistance, they were able to move inland, though only the Canadians were able to reach their D-Day objectives. Though Montgomery had ambitiously hoped to take the city of Caen on D-Day, it would not fall to British forces for several weeks. On the American beaches to the west, the situation was very different. At Omaha Beach, US troops quickly became pinned down by heavy fire from the veteran German 352nd Infantry Division as the pre-invasion bombing had fallen inland and failed to destroy the German fortifications. Initial efforts by the US 1st and 29th Infantry Divisions were unable penetrate the German defenses and troops became trapped on the beach. After suffering 2,400 casualties, the most of any beach on D-Day, small groups of US soldiers were able to break through the defenses opening the way for successive waves. To the west, the 2nd Ranger Battalion succeeded in scaling and capturing Pointe du Hoc but took significant losses due to German counterattacks. On Utah Beach, US troops suffered only 197 casualties, the lightest of any beach, when they were accidentally landed in the wrong spot due to strong currents.  Though out of position, the first senior officer ashore, Brigadier Theodore Roosevelt, Jr., stated that they would start the war from right here and directed subsequent landings to occur at the new location.  Quickly moving inland, they linked up with elements of the 101st Airborne and began moving towards their objectives. Aftermath By nightfall on June 6, Allied forces had established themselves in Normandy though their position remained precarious. Casualties on D-Day numbered around 10,400 while the Germans incurred approximately 4,000-9,000. Over the next several days, Allied troops continued to press inland, while the Germans moved to contain the beachhead. These efforts were frustrated by Berlins reluctance to release reserve panzer divisions in France for fear that Allies would still attack at Pas de Calais. Continuing on, Allied forces pressed north to take the port of Cherbourg and south towards the city of Caen. As American troops fought their way north, they were hampered by the bocage (hedgerows) that crisscrossed the landscape. Ideal for defensive warfare, the bocage greatly slowed the American advance. Around Caen, British forces were engaged in a battle of attrition with the Germans. The situation did not change radically until the US First Army broke through the German lines at St. Lo on July 25 as part of Operation Cobra. Resources and Further Reading US Army: D-DayUS Army Center for Military History: Invasion of Normandy

Two problems related to Climate Change Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Two problems related to Climate Change - Essay Example Although this problem is a global issue, the impacts vary across the globe since some areas experience more adverse effects than others do. Social and environmental versions problems of climate change are the most notorious, as they not only pose a threat to food security and survival of organisms, but also affects the surrounding and lifestyle of human beings. Thus, social and environmental problems share several similarities, but also differ in some instances. Social and environmental issues are similar since they both have adverse effects on human health. Climate change is a problem because it causes environmental harms such as increased and severity of heat waves resulting from global warming, which leads the loss of lives (McNall 5). Modest warming of the earth that has been occurring since 1970s is responsible for many deaths annually. On the social front, health systems are stretched as they attempt to cope with the increasing incidences of heat-related problems. Additionally, adverse climatic conditions such as strong winds and drought damage health infrastructure and buildings in the society. As a result, the outcome undermines the provision of quality health services to the community. Drought is also directly responsible for changes in the human health system, as it causes starvation and deterioration of health in human beings. In addition, both issues result in food problem. Increased temperatures in the atmosphere caused by climate change create an opportunity for various disease causing organisms to contaminate food. The cases of bacteria borne disease are frequently high during summer months. Additionally, climatic changes result in social issues such as poverty. Poverty is the primary reason for inequalities in the society. The poor, who survive on less than $2, are the most affected. These people cannot cope with the climate shocks since they lack money. Due to this, in case of drought they have no alternative, but to cut down

Logistics Problems Generated by Crossrail and Their Solutions Essay

Logistics Problems Generated by Crossrail and Their Solutions - Essay Example to be able to solve these problems it is necessary to identify the root cause of the problem and try to tackle it so that it does not come up again. Crossrail has managed to realize some of these problems and has already provided solutions to them. This paper will give a brief introduction to crossrail and its intended advantages, it will then discuss the logistic problems that will be generated by the construction work, and it will follow by outlining solutions to these problems before making a conclusion. Introduction Crossrail is an ambitious project to build a major railway link in central London. The name is used to refer to the first two routes which are under the responsibility of Crossrail Limited. It is based on a different and new east-west tunnel with a central section from Paddington to Liverpool street station. This project was approved in 2007 after a very long time of debate. The crossrail act received royal assent in July 2008 (Crossrail, 2011). The services offered w ill complement the enhanced north-south Thames link route. Ten-car trains are expected to run at frequencies of up to 24 trains per hour in each of the channels through the central tunnel section. In the original plan the first train was scheduled to run in 2017 but in a comprehensive review in 2010 that saw the saving of ?1 billion changed the initial plan to 2018. Fig. 1 Crossrail route Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:CrossrailLine1Map.svg#filehistory Crossrail benefits The benefits of constructing the cross rail are many. The first benefit is easing transport problem in London which has been a huge headache for London. The second benefit is that it will provide better access to the capital for over 750,000 workers who are said to commute daily into London. Lastly the project is also aimed at providing job opportunities to many people who will be employed in the in the construction process and after the completion of the project to manage the various services offered by the train service. It is estimated that crossrail will generate up to 14,000 jobs when the construction reaches peak (Crossrail, 2011). Fig 2 source: http://forum.skyscraperpage.com/showthread.php?t=158506&page=7 Fig 3 source: http://www.thameslinkprogramme.co.uk/cms/pages/view/33 Fig 4 source: http://www.ianvisits.co.uk/flickr_api/set_list.php?page=2&uid=72157627734615808&title=Crossrail%20Royal%20Oak%20Portal Fig 5 finished product Source: http://www.ianvisits.co.uk/flickr_api/set_list.php?page=2&uid=72157627734615808&title=Crossrail%20Royal%20Oak%20Portal Logistics in construction Logistics refers to the efficient transfer of goods and services from the source of supply through that manufacturer to the consumer in a cost effective manner that will provide service to the customer (Rushton, Croucher, & Baker, 2006, p. 6). Logistic management tries to minimize costs by providing a cost effective system across the whole process and ensuring the evaluation of facilities and issues tha t may have any impact on logistic costs and make the product conform to the customers’ requirements. Many construction projects ranging from the small projects to the major projects like the crossrail project face many logistic problems that contractors work hard every day to avoid. The proper management of logistic issues will either lead to the successful implementation of a project or lead to its failure. Research has shown that effective logistic management has rarely been applied in construction

A Retail Strategy Used By Apple Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

A Retail Strategy Used By Apple Inc - Essay Example The researcher states that the developing force of retail rivalry because of the rise of new contenders, arrangements, and innovations, and moves in client needs is constraining retailers to give more consideration regarding long-haul vital plans. As the retail administration choice making procedure demonstrates, a retailing technique is an extension between understanding the world retailing that is, the dissection of the retail environment, the strategic stock administration, and store operations embraced to execute the retail methodology. The retail procedure gives the course retailers need to strategize successfully with their market environment, clients, and contenders. The last component of a retail strategy is the retailer's methodology to build a feasible competitive edge and this is one of the core competencies of Apple. Any business action that a retailer takes part in can be the premise for preference; however, a few favorable circumstances are practiced over a long period, though contenders can copy others practically quickly. Making leeway implies that the retailer, essentially, develops a boundary around its position in a retail showcase. At the point when the boundary is wide, it will be hard for contenders outside the divider to enter the business sector and seek the retailers target clients and a decent case is Apple Inc's retail procedure. Over the previous years, Apple stores have ended up much more enthusiastic, from an area inside the Louver in Paris into one spotted under a 40-foot-high glass barrel in Shanghai. Working for an Apple store can be an aggressive process typically needing no less than two rounds of interviews. Candidates are addressed about their initiative and critical thinking aptitudes, and additionally their eagerness for Apple items as supported by a few presents and previous Apple store representatives. While most retailers need to search out staff, retail masters say numerous Apple stores are overflowing with candidates. Once employed, employees are prepared broadly and are taken to classes that apply Apple standards of client services.

The Customer Driven Marketing Strategy Marketing Essay

The Customer Driven Marketing Strategy Marketing Essay The marketing strategy explains the companys overall mission statement and future goals. Mostly marketing strategies are set with careful consideration by senior management. Marketing strategy must in cooperate the mission statement of the business. Shankar and Carpenter (2012, p.2) views marketing strategy as a broad plan of managerial initiatives and actions relating an organization to its customers and markets. Further states that there are three key aspects of marketing strategy as follows: Marketing strategy focuses on the strategic decisions necessary to allocate resources. It concerns managerial actions that have long-term effects. Decisions relating to marketing strategy are made by marketing executives in an organization and implemented by many others through the organization and beyond. Following are the four major activities involved in managing a customer-driven marketing strategy and the marketing mix are, i.e. Segmentation Targeting Differentiation Positioning Consumers are the centre of all marketing activity. The basic goals for all businesses are to create value for customers and build a strong profitable customer relationship. As stated by Kotler and Armstrong (2008, p.45) The marketing logic by which the company hopes to create this customer value and achieve these profitable relationships. Since the company owns the means of production it has the overall power to decide which customer to serve (segmentation and targeting) and how it will serve them (differentiation and Positioning). The business identifies the total market, then divides it into smaller segments, selects the most promising segments, and focuses on serving and satisfying customers in these segments in order to secure maximum profit. Using the market strategy the company then designs an integrated marketing mix made of factors under its control .i.e. Product , Place, Price, Promotion The four Ps. In order to find the best marketing strategy the company then uses market analysis, planning, implementation, and control. Through these activities fulfills the changes in demand from consumer behavior and adopts to the marketing environment. As stated by Mullins and Larreche (2006, p.3) IBMs competitive strategy was also quite consistent over the years, Given that the firm was never the lowest-cost producer in the industry, it did not try to compete with low prices. Instead, the firm pursued a quality differentiation strategy by offering superior products backed up by excellent technical service and selling them at premium prices. Customer-Driven Marketing Strategy In order to succeed in the modern competitive marketplace companies need to be customer centered, .i.e. they must fulfill the rapidly changing demands of the customer. Companies must draw the customer from competitor business, make them brand loyal and grow them by delivering greater value. Before anything a company must understand the needs and wants of its customers, only then it can fulfill by using the marketing strategy. Thus the company must use a careful market analysis. Market Segmentation The modern market is full of many types customers, products and needs. The company then determines which demand it can fulfill best and gain maximum benefits. Consumers are grouped in various ways geographic, demographic, psychographic, and products are made to fulfill their needs and wants. As stated by Kotler and Armstrong (2008, p.46) The process of dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers who have different needs, characteristics, or behaviors, who might require separate products or marketing programs is called market segmentation. Market segmentation consists of consumers who adopt in a similar way to different marketing efforts. In the car market for example wealthy consumers own the top notch cars but still make up only one segment of the market. Then we consumers who are price conscious and make up another market segment. It would difficult to fulfill needs of both segmentations so companies focus on the needs of one segment. Market Targeting After a company has defined one of its market segments it can target different segments of consumers. Market targeting involves information of each market segment and then selecting one or more segments to enter. The company must target segments in which it can best fulfill the needs of consumers. Wise companies enter into a segment from which they can achieve success in gaining customer loyalty and sustain it over time. A company might use the strategy niche marketing and target only a few segments from which the major competitor over looked. Alternatively companies might serve different kinds of customers but with the same wants, .i.e. Coca Cola. Multi nationals may serve the needs of all market segments. Most companies enter the market serving only segment of the market but as they gain success they grow and target a range of segments. Companies that attain the most success will eventually have the means necessary to serve all segments of the market; these leading companies have the different product design for each different market segment. Market Differentiation and Positioning After a company has chosen its market segment to enter, it must be decide how it will differentiate its market offering from competitors and must have unique way of serving its chosen target segment in order to secure maximum profits. A products position is the place it has in place of its competitor in the minds of consumers. The position of the product is one of the most crucial things in order to get consumers to buy it and attain brand loyalty from them. If products were similar consumers would have no way of differentiating between products and thus there would be no need to buy it. Positioning is the business securing a unique space in the minds of consumers in comparison to competitors products. When positioning its products the company identifies the plus points it has in that segment that provides competitive advantage over competitor. The company can give greater value to customers at low prices in comparison to competitors and attain a unique position in the market and win consumer brand loyalty. If a company promises greater value then it must differentiate its product from competitors and must deliver greater value in order for the product to maintain position in minds of the consumers. Thus effective positioning begins with differentiation, actually differentiating the product so that it gives consumers more value. When a company has achieved a successful position it must make strong steps to deliver and communicate that position to target consumers. The entire marketing program of a company appreciates the chosen position strategy. Developing an integrated Marketing Mix After developing the market strategy the company begins to plan the details of the marketing mix. The marketing mix a set of controllable marketing tools that the firm uses to produce the response it wants to get back from the target market. The marketing mix is whatever a firm has the power to do in order to influence demand on its product. The marketing mix consists of the four Ps Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. Product means the goods and services combination the company the target market. Price is the amount of money customers would have to pay to obtain the product. Different companies target different range of customers i.e. luxury car makers target the wealthy consumers. Place includes the different locations the companys product is available to target consumers. Promotion means attract consumers and persuades them to buy the product. Ferrell and Hartline (2011, p.17) explains, The role of social responsibility and ethics in marketing strategy has come to the forefront of important business issues in todays economy. Our society still reverberates from the effects of corporate scandals at Enron, WorldCom, and ImClone, among others. Although these scandals make for interesting reading, many innocent individuals have suffered the consequences from these companies unethical behavior.

Indie Music :: essays research papers

I heard the term "indie" bounced around a lot these days and I wonder what the definition of indie is. I think of it as a reference to a musician, small record label or film company without an affiliation with a major corporation. I read this article by Bob Baker, the author of "Branding Yourself Online: How to Use the Internet to Become a Celebrity or Expert in Your Field" and the "Guerrilla Music Marketing Handbook." He defines I-N-D-I-E as: I - Inspired He said to embrace the indie frame of mind, you must be inspired. You have to know in your gut that music is what you are meant to do. You must become energized when writing, recording and performing your music. When this kind of natural inspiration comes over you, it's a sure sign that you're on the right path. And you will need this desire to carry you through the ups and downs of pursuing the independent music path. N - Nontraditional Indie musicians don't mind learning about what has come before, and they are happy to listen to the "rules" that others say are required to have a successful music career. However, the smartest indie artists keep their minds flexible and constantly ask questions about how the supposed "rules" of the past really apply to them. They actually develop a mindset that seeks out the road less traveled. And when they spot a good idea that's off the traditional path, they fearlessly go after it without apologies. D - Determined Successful indie artists are fixated on their goals and determined to reach them. They still leave room to veer from the original plan, when needed, but they are steadfast in their desire to produce more and better music, reach more fans, sell more CDs, etc. With this attitude, obstacles become short-term learning experiences along the road to higher levels of success. I - Innovative Being an indie means thinking outside of the proverbial box and looking at fresh opportunities from every angle. It means not promoting yourself the same way a thousand other acts have done it.

Analysis- Macbeth’s soliloquy Essay

Macbeth’s soliloquy at the start of Act 1, Scene 7, introduces us to a side of Macbeth that has not yet been portrayed earlier in the play. Here, instead of being the courageous and valiant soldier, Macbeth reveals himself to be a man who is being slowly tempted by ambition and power, though not determined enough to take the risks in order to achieve his goal, thus resulting in the repetition of â€Å"ifs† throughout the beginning of Macbeth’s soliloquy. Macbeth is also very much aware of the lack of reason for the murder of Duncan. The soliloquy effectively adds to our understanding of the internal conflict that plagues Macbeth as he struggles to determine whether or not he should kill Duncan, who is a virtuous man as well as his kinsman and king. He believes that it is against the nature of man to kill someone who is of such a status and relation to him and that it is immoral to do so, â€Å"he’s here in double trust: first, as I am his kinsman and his subject, strong both against the deed† and that it would be a breech of Duncan’s trust in him if he decides to go through with the murder. We see Macbeth’s reluctance to murder Duncan himself as he is a guest in his own home. â€Å"†¦as his host, who should against his murderer shut the door, not bear the knife myself.† Macbeth knows that his weakness is the desire he has to seize the crown. He knows that although he does not wish to murder Duncan but for the fulfillment of his own ambition, â€Å"I have no spur to prick the sides of my intent, but only vaulting ambition†¦Ã¢â‚¬  it is something that must happen in order for Macbeth to achieve what he wants. The audience sees the conflict within Macbeth and the horrible imaginings he has for his own downfall and his fate. He knows that he is drinking from a â€Å"poisoned chalice† which symbolizes Macbeth’s yearning for moral desecration. Another aspect of Macbeth that the audience witness is the reluctance to mention the murder of Duncan. Instead, he uses euphemisms such as † it, assassination, this blow, the deed, bear the knife, his taking off, horrid deed, my intent† This gives the audience the impression that Macbeth is scared to name his fate and his intentions of murdering Duncan in fear of â€Å"jinxing† himself. Macbeth’s tone throughout his soliloquy is one of confusion, frustration and is filled with hellish images which are associated with what may become of Macbeth’s soul. â€Å"Bloody instructions, which being taught; return to plague th’inventor, deep damnation, poisoned chalice† Macbeth recognizes the guilt which may come with the murder of Duncan and we find ourselves feeling pity for him as he  struggles with morals and his own ambition. Personification and metaphors are also effective in Macbeth’s soliloquy. Through personification, various aspects of humanity such as virtues, justice, and pity have been exaggerated so that the audience may treat these aspects as humans, and feel the vulnerability of human goodness- pity is portrayed as a newborn babe, and virtues are portrayed pleading like angels. Through Macbeth’s soliloquy, the audience sees that this man, who was supposedly a virtuous, valiant person, has become a weak character, giving in to the temptations brought on by ambition, greed and power, even if it means having to abandon his morals. The audience recognizes that Macbeth is human and he is plagued with a troubled conscience but we are disappointed to see Macbeth slowly drifting towards corruption and his own downfall. He will eventually â€Å"o’erleap† himself.

Functions And Classification Of Operating Systems Essay Example

Functions And Classification Of Operating Systems Essay Example Functions And Classification Of Operating Systems Essay Functions And Classification Of Operating Systems Essay The OS is the system package that controls the overall operation of the computing machine system. It manages the affiliated hardware, provides a platform to run application plans and an interface for users to interact with the computing machine system. It is responsible for recognizing and organizing memory devices, I/O devices and treating devices. Figure 10.1 displays the function of OS in the computing machine system. An OS provides two types of interfaces: Graphical User Interface ( GUI ) and Command Line Interface ( CLI ) . An OS responds and provides services to the users. Figure 10.1: Functions of OS in the Computer System 10.1.1 Functions of OS : An OS is the indispensable package in the computing machine system. It performs several undertakings to maintain the application package, hardware devices and users of the computing machine system coordination. The OS performs the undermentioned maps: Information Management Information direction refers to the set of services used for recovering, hive awaying, modifying and canceling informations from devices. It has two subsystems, file direction and I/O direction. Process Management Procedure direction is responsible for administering CPU clip between procedures. It besides involves pull offing memory and I/O resources across the procedure in the computing machine system. Memory Management Memory direction controls memory use. At any given case, memory direction keeps path available infinite to hive away the information. Application Programing Interface ( API ) The API assigns entree to application package on all connected hardware devices. User Interface User Interface provides interaction between the computing machine system and users. 10.2 Development of OS Operating systems evolved in seven stages. The six stages viz. unfastened store, batch processing, concurrent execution, timesharing, personal computer science and distributed systems, changed the manner users accessed the OS. Concurrent programming brings multiple innovations to do resource direction effectual. Table 10.2 shows stages and proficient development of an OS. An development of OS started from 1954, when Computer system had non OS, users use to run computing machine system manually. Phases of OS development of are as follows: Open Shop Open Shop introduced IBM 701 that was implemented the on celebrated IBM 701 machine. First user has to do apparatus as per the demand for each computer science. However, in this stage clip and money wasted in puting up machine manual. Users got fixed clip for calculating, although most of the clip was spent puting up the machine manually. Batch Processing Wastage of clip and money in the unfastened store stage was a consequence of user engagement. In this stage, it was clear that normal users were to be kept off from the calculating procedure. This stage besides revealed that the OS was capable of scheduling. Normal users put their occupations on a clout card merely to be processed by computing machine professionals subsequently. The BKS system was the released in this stage. Multiprogramming The aim of concurrent execution was to maintain the CPU every bit busy as possible to use its processing capacity wholly. At the initial phase of multiprogramming stage, the thought was to maintain following plan ready in the memory from where the CPU could take it up instantly. However, in the same stage, hardware interrupts were introduced. Hardware interrupts facilitated shift of procedures. The construct of hardware interrupts made multiprogramming more successful. It besides permitted I/O devices and treating devices to work at the same time. This procedure was called coincident peripheral operation on-line. The constructs of job-scheduling, demand paging, practical memory were introduced in the same stage. Atlas supervisor, B5000 system, Exec II system and Egdon systems were introduced in the concurrent execution stage. Time Sharing Time-sharing allowed processors to go to to petitions from other users while one user was busy executing some I/O map. This manner the CPU could go to to multiple procedures every bit good as users in lesser clip spans. CTSS, Multics File system, Titan File system and UNIX were introduced in this stage. Concurrent The concurrent stage introduced the characteristic of running multiple undertakings at a clip called as multitasking. THE system, RC 4000 system, Venus system, Boss 2 system, Solo system, and Solo Program Text, were the concurrent OS introduced back so. Personal Computing In the personal computer science stage of development, user convenience was on the precedence than recourse direction. The GUI based OS and mouse based interactivity were introduced in this stage merely. OS, Alto system, Pilot system and star user interface were introduced in this stage. Distributed Systems This stage includes computer-networking constituents that enable message go throughing within computing machines and distant process call. WFS File waiters, Unix United RPC, Unix United system and Amoeba systems were launched in this stage. Phase Technical Development Operating System Phase 1: Open Shop An thought of operating systems 1. IBM 701 unfastened store ( 1954 ) Phase 2: Batch Processing Tape batching First-In First-Out and scheduling 2. BKS system ( 1961 ) Phase 3: Multiprogramming Processor multiplexing, Indivisible operations, Demand paging, Input/output spooling, Priority programming and Distant occupation entry 3. Atlas supervisor ( 1961 ) 4. B5000 system ( 1964 ) 5. Exec II system ( 1966 ) 6. Eldon system ( 1966 ) Phase 4: Timesharing Coincident user, interaction and On-line file systems 7. CTSS ( 1962 ) 8. Multics File system ( 1965 ) 9. Titan File system ( 1972 ) 10. Unix ( 1974 ) Phase 5: Concurrent Programing Hierarchical systems, Extensile meats, Parallel programming constructs and Secure analogue linguistic communications 11. THE system ( 1968 ) 12. RC 4000 system ( 1969 ) 13. Venus system ( 1972 ) 14. Boss 2 system ( 1975 ) 15. Solo system ( 1976 ) 16. Solo plan text ( 1976 ) Phase 6: Personal Computer science Graphic user interfaces 17. OS 6 ( 1972 ) 18. Alto system ( 1979 ) 19. Pilot system ( 1980 ) 20. Star user interface ( 1982 ) Phase 7: Distributed Systems Distant waiters 21. WFS File waiter ( 1979 ) 22. Unix United RPC ( 1982 ) 23. Unix United system ( 1982 ) 24. Amoeba system ( 1990 ) Table 10.1: Development of OS 10.3 OS Kernel and shell Every OS consists of a meat and shell. The shell is the user interface, either a CLI or a GUI. This allows the user to login and utilize the computing machine system. The meat is the nucleus of an OS. The OS meat is more complex and is hard to work with straight, therefore the meat is wrapped in a shell A meat consists of the followers: File Manager- A file director provides interface for user to work with file. It performs actions on files such as create, edit, rename, unfastened, edit and so on.. In add-on, it maintains size and permissions about files that are available on the system. Device Driver . Device driver is a plans that controls a specific hardware devices. Each device has alone driver that converts user petition for device to specific cryptography. Memory Manager The memory director responsible for optimal use of the system memory. It allocates and de-allocates memory for hive awaying informations and plans. Scheduler- The scheduler maintains records of present procedures put to deathing by the OS and adds new procedures to the OS. Dispatcher The starter manages procedures. It divides clip into little part such as 50 second, when the clip part is over ; dispatcher allows following procedure to run. 10.4 Categorization of OS Oss have been classified based on parametric quantities such as figure of users that at the same time used the computing machine system, the figure of procedure that OS performs at a clip, and the figure of togss that OS can manage at a clip. The categorization is as follows: Single-User A single-user operating system allows merely one user to login the computing machine system. Single-user OS are intended for place users merely. Multi-user Thie multi-user OS allows multiple users to login and use the computing machine system. In this instance, the OS allocates different resources for each user so that any a job with one user does non impact other users. Single-task The single-task OS permits merely one procedure to run at a clip. Multi-tasking The multi-tasking OS permits multiple plans to put to death at the same clip. Users can run more than one undertaking at a clip. However, as multiple procedures runs at the same clip, this type of OS requires more memory. Multi-tasking OS semen in two theoretical accounts. They are: Time-sharing operating system -Time-sharing OSs usage algorithms to portion CPU clip between multiple procedures. This method creates an semblance that the CPU is put to deathing multiple procedures at the same time. Real-time operating system The real-time operating system is used to command industrial systems and scientific instruments. This type of OS manages computing machine system resources in a manner that specific operation should put to death in precise clip, every time.. 10.5 Operational overview On the boot, an OS makes certain that the system has the required hardware and package. When a user petitions for a resource such as IO or any application plan, the OS cheques permission and so decides whether to allow that petition or deny it. In a multi-user system, the OS agendas resources in a manner that ensures their handiness on petition. The OS records mistakes happening in the procedure. The OS should enter the mistake. The OS supports networking operations excessively. Devicess involved in OS operation are as follows: CPU A computing machine system supports several maps that should run at the same time. It might possible that multiple users are running their plans at the same case. The OS ensures that each user gets sufficient CPU clip to put to death the undertaking. Memory The OS helps users topographic point and recover informations from the primary memory. The OS besides takes attention of user informations that is stored in the secondary memory. Data in the secondary memory is brought to the primary memory on user petition. I/O devices The OS facilitates communicating with all I/O devices. It uses interrupt signals for the same. 10.6 Servicess Offered by OS The major aims of an OS are to do calculating convenient, run application plans and pull off the assorted resources. To accomplish these aims OS provide several services, they are as follows: Program Execution The OS provides users with a convenient environment to put to death plans. The user merely needs to originate plan executing while the OS takes attention of memory allotment for successful executing of the plan. I/O Operations Every procedure involves I/O operations ; nevertheless, internal I/O operations are non seeable to users. OS control all I/O operations. User may alter the default flow I/O operation, therefore for security grounds user are non involved in the I/O operation. File System Manipulation File system use, enables users to make or pull strings files in the OS environment without cognizing physical features of the device. Communicationss At times procedures need to pass on with each other to interchange information. This communicating could be between procedures put to deathing on the same computing machine or processes put to deathing on different computing machine systems. A communicating service enables computing machine system to interchange the procedure with other computing machine systems. Error Detection An mistake in the computing machine system leads to misfunctioning. The OS proctors computing machine systems for mistakes. 10.7 Chapter Review Questions GUI stands for ________________ . ( A ) Graphical User Interface ( C ) Graphical User Interaction ( B ) Group and User Interaction ( D ) None of the above Autonomic nervous system: A Which map of the OS is responsible for pull offing user s informations in the computing machine system? ( A ) Memory Management ( C ) Information Management ( B ) Process Management ( D ) Application Management Ands: Degree centigrade A __________ map allows users to interact with computing machine system. ( A ) Memory Management ( C ) Application Management ( B ) User Interaction ( D ) Information Management Autonomic nervous system: Bacillus A  ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­__________phase of the OS development invents hardware interrupts. ( A ) Timesharing ( C ) Multi Programing ( B ) Concurrent Programing ( D ) None of the above Autonomic nervous system: Degree centigrade Which of the followers is an operating system s nucleus bed? ( A ) Kernels ( C ) Shell ( B ) Device Drivers ( D ) None of these Autonomic nervous system: A Which constituent of the meat maintains records of current procedures, adds new procedures, and removes complex procedures. ( A ) Device Drivers ( C ) Starter ( B ) Scheduler ( D ) None of these Autonomic nervous system: Bacillus Which of the following are theoretical accounts of multitasking OS? ( A ) Timesharing OS ( C ) Real-time OS ( B ) Thread sharing OS ( D ) Real-process OS Autonomic nervous system: A and C 8. CLI stands for ________________________ . ( A ) Command Line Interaction ( C ) Common Line Interface ( B ) Command Line Interface ( D ) Common Line Interaction Autonomic nervous system: Bacillus 9. Which service of an OS allows users to pass on with other computing machines? ( A ) Communicationss ( C ) Program Execution ( B ) Mistake Detection ( D ) I/O Operationss Autonomic nervous system: A 10. A __________component of OS kernel is responsible for pass oning with devices. ( A ) File Manager ( C ) Device Drivers ( B ) Device director ( D ) None of these Autonomic nervous system: Degree centigrade 10.7.1 Answers 1. Angstrom 2. C 3. Bacillus 4. C 5. Angstrom 6. Bacillus 7. A and C 8. Bacillus 9. Angstrom 10. C Drumhead In the chapter, Introduction to Operating System, you learnt about: OS and undertakings performed by the OS Development and categorization of OSs Different maps of the OS Servicess offered by the OS

Understanding the Italian Present Subjunctive Tense

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Invention of the Internet Essay Example for Free

Invention of the Internet Essay Technology has also been a part of our daily lives. The implementation of technology influences the values of a society by changing expectations and realities. New inventions of technology are usually created to simplify life somehow. One of the greatest inventions in the last hundred years is the internet. The ever expanding internet has revolutionized the way Americans live their lives. The internet has a major impact on society and our culture. The internet has completely broken down the borders that our ancestors had. With the internet, everything that we could possibly want is at the click of a button. People can instantly instant message and video chat will people half way across the world. People now work from home, shop from home, do everything they possible want from home. But if people do not have access to the internet they cannot compete is this new global market place of unending ideas. In the beginning, when the internet first came into play America’s were startled and amazed by the possibilities of communication that the World Wide Web brought. He web is mainly a way that brings people together to communicate. The web is a layer of system upon system (Bowell). The Web is a continual ongoing process. It has never stopped replicating itself or processing since the first day it began. However, even though there many different systems on the web, no website is subject to special rules. The internet has become a sensation all over the world and more people use the internet than in other time in history. The internet has been a huge economic boom to our country. We now live in a global market. With the help of the internet, businesses can reach customers worldwide. Many businesses now have websites where customers do not even have to visit the store to buy their products and these companies want your business. The internet has a huge selection of items to purchase online. More people use the web to shop than ever before in history (bowell). Online shopping is the process whereby consumers directly buy goods or services from a seller in real-time over the internet. (wiki re) A majority of consumers choose online shopping for a faster and more efficient shopping experience. For customers, shopping online can mean less time traveling and lower cost. Many stores offer special sales and discounts to customers who order online. Also, traveling to the store means that customers can only go during business hours whereby ordering online is more convenient for their schedules. Conveniently, many stores online are available 24 hours a day. Online retailers have seen tremendous jumps in their online earning potential (bowell). Of course there is also disadvantages to online buying. One big disadvantage is the customers concern of how unease it would be to return the item. The customer is not absolutely positive that the item they are buying will satisfy and meet their expectations. Sometimes, returning an item can become a hassle and have to wait long periods of time to actually get the item in hand. Since the customer cannot see the merchandise they wish to purchase customers are at higher risk of fraud buy ordering online. Of course, a major concern of consumers is identity fraud. There have been many cases where hackers break into a web site and can steal a customers personal information. One unexpected disadvantage that comes with online shopping is the amount of trash that consumers produce. The more items that people purchase online, the more boxes and packaging they have to throw away. This past Christmas, New York show a 20 percent increase in paper recyclables with a parallel increase of 25 percent of online sales. The biggest buzz about the internet is social networking. One of the main uses of the internet is for relationships. The internet has revolutionized the way that people communicate with our friends and the world. People used to write letters and sent them off then waited even weeks to get a reply. Now a days, people communicating instantly through instant messaging, video chat, face book and e-mails. We can communicate instantly with people all the way across the world. Social networking sites have people set up their own personalizes profile that is just about them. (These sites help fill in the gap) These sites help everyone stay more in touch with their friends and family. Social networking seems to make the world smaller by bringing everyone together. It helps us realized the way other people live and the cultures that they have (elliot). The social networking that is in place now more closely mimics face-to-face conversation than e-mail. We are no longer restricted to rely on people in our neighborhood, church, or workplace to provide the interaction we desire (Hoover all). 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