AIDS :: AIDS Essays

AIDS is the final, life-threatening stage of the infection with human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV. AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiecy syndrome. The name refers to the fact that HIV severely damages the patient’s disease-fighting immune system. Cases of AIDS were first identified in 1981 in the United States, but scientists have traced cases to as early as 1959. Millions of AIDS cases have been diagnosed worldwide. HIV can be present in the body for 2 to 12 years without producing any outward signs of illness, yet there are definite symptoms. Infection with HIV appears to be lifelong in all that become infected. People infected with HIV eventually develop symptoms that also may be caused by other, less serious conditions. However, with HIV, these symptoms are prolonged and much more severe. They include enlarged lymph glands, tiredness, fever, loss of appetite and weight, diarrhea, yeast infections, and night sweats. HIV is commonly connected with a "wasting syndrome," which results in substantial weight loss, a general decline in health, and, in some cases, death. The virus also infects the nervous system. There, HIV may cause dementia, which is a condition characterized by sensory, thinking, and/or memory disorders. HIV infection of the brain may cause movement or coordination problems. HIV’s disruption of the immune system makes infected people susceptible to illnesses that are not normally serious. These diseases are called opportunistic illnesses because they take advantage of the damaged immune system. With the onset of several of these illnesses, an infected person is considered to have AIDS Researchers have identified three ways in which HIV is transmitted: sexual intercourse, direct contact with infected blood, and transmission from and infected mother to her fetus. The most common way of becoming infected in through sexual contact. In the United States, sexual transmission has occurred mainly among homosexual and bisexual men, but it is becoming more frequent among heterosexual men and women. HIV is transmitted through all forms of sexual intercourse, including genital, anal, and oral sex. Treatments have been developed, but cures for HIV and AIDS have not yet been found.

Chapter 16 Professor Trelawney’s Prediction

Harry's euphoria at finally winning the Quidditch Cup lasted at least a week. Even the weather seemed to be celebrating; as June approached, the days became cloudless and sultry, and all anybody felt like doing was strolling onto the grounds and flopping down on the grass with several pints of iced pumpkin juice, perhaps playing a casual game of Gobstones or watching the giant squid propel itself dreamily across the surface of the lake. But they couldn't. Exams were nearly upon them, and instead of lazing around outside, the students were forced to remain inside the castle, trying to bully their brains into concentrating while enticing wafts of summer air drifted in through the windows. Even Fred and George Weasley had been spotted working; they were about to take their O.W.L.s (Ordinary Wizarding Levels). Percy was getting ready to take his N.E.W.T.s (Nastily Exhausting Wizarding Tests), the highest qualification Hogwarts offered. As Percy hoped to enter the Ministry of Magic, he needed top grades. He was becoming increasingly edgy, and gave very severe punishments to anybody who disturbed the quiet of the common room in the evenings. In fact, the only person who seemed more anxious than Percy was Hermione. Harry and Ron had given up asking her how she was managing to attend several classes at once, but they couldn't restrain themselves when they saw the exam schedule she had drawn up for herself. The first column read: Monday 9 o'clock, Arithmancy 9 o'clock, Transfiguration Lunch 1 o'clock, Charms 1 o'clock, Ancient Runes â€Å"Hermione?† Ron said cautiously, because she was liable to explode when interrupted these days. â€Å"Er — are you sure you've copied down these times right?† â€Å"What?† snapped Hermione, picking up the exam schedule and examining it. â€Å"Yes, of course I have.† â€Å"Is there any point asking how you're going to sit for two exams at once?† said Harry. â€Å"No,† said Hermione shortly. â€Å"Have either of you seen my copy of Numerology and Gramatica?† â€Å"Oh, yeah, I borrowed it for a bit of bedtime reading,† said Ron, but very quietly. Hermione started shifting heaps of parchment. Harry, Ron, and Hermione had plenty of opportunity to speak to Hagrid. â€Å"Beaky's gettin' a bit depressed,† Hagrid told them, bending low on the pretense of checking that Harry's flobberworm was still alive. â€Å"Bin cooped up too long. But still†¦we'll know day after tomorrow — one way or the other –â€Å" They had Potions that afternoon, which was an unqualified disaster. Try as Harry might, he couldn't get his Confusing Concoction to thicken, and Snape, standing watch with an air of vindictive pleasure, scribbled something that looked suspiciously like a zero onto his notes before moving away. Then came Astronomy at midnight, up on the tallest tower; History of Magic on Wednesday morning, in which Harry scribbled everything Florean Fortescue had ever told him about medieval witch-hunts, while wishing he could have had one of Fortescue's choco-nut sundaes with him in the stifling classroom. Wednesday afternoon meant Herbology, in the greenhouses under a baking-hot sun; then back to the common room once more, with sunburnt necks, thinking longingly of this time next day, when it would all be over. Their second to last exam, on Thursday morning, was Defense Against the Dark Arts. Professor Lupin had compiled the most unusual exam any of them had ever taken; a sort of obstacle course outside in the sun, where they had to wade across a deep paddling pool containing a Grindylow, cross a series of potholes full of Red Caps, squish their way across a patch of marsh while ignoring misleading directions from a Hinkypunk, then climb into an old trunk and battle with a new Boggart. â€Å"Excellent, Harry,† Lupin muttered as Harry climbed out of the trunk, grinning. â€Å"Full marks.† Flushed with his success, Harry hung around to watch Ron and Hermione. Ron did very well until he reached the Hinkypunk, which successfully confused him into sinking waist-high into the quagmire. Hermione did everything perfectly until she reached the trunk with the Boggart in it. After about a minute inside it, she burst out again, screaming. â€Å"Hermione!† said Lupin, startled. â€Å"What's the matter?† â€Å"P-P-Professor McGonagall!† Hermione gasped, pointing into the trunk. â€Å"Sh-she said I'd failed everything!† It took a little while to calm Hermione down. When at last she had regained a grip on herself, she, Harry, and Ron went back to the castle. Ron was still slightly inclined to laugh at Hermione's Boggart, but an argument was averted by the sight that met them on the top of the steps. Cornelius Fudge, sweating slightly in his pinstriped cloak, was standing there staring out at the grounds. He started at the sight of Harry. â€Å"Hello there, Harry!† he said. â€Å"Just had an exam, I expect? Nearly finished?† â€Å"Yes,† said Harry. Hermione and Ron, not being on speaking terms with the Minister of Magic, hovered awkwardly in the background. â€Å"Lovely day,† said Fudge, casting an eye over the lake. â€Å"Pity†¦pity†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He sighed deeply and looked down at Harry. â€Å"I'm here on an unpleasant mission, Harry. The Committee for the Disposal of Dangerous Creatures required a witness to the execution of a mad Hippogriff. As I needed to visit Hogwarts to check on the Black situation, I was asked to step in.† â€Å"Does that mean the appeal's already happened?† Ron interrupted, stepping forward. â€Å"No, no, it's scheduled for this afternoon,† said Fudge, looking curiously at Ron. â€Å"Then you might not have to witness an execution at all!† said Ron stoutly. â€Å"The Hippogriff might get off!† Before Fudge could answer, two wizards came through the castle doors behind him. One was so ancient he appeared to be withering before their very eyes; the other was tall and strapping, with a thin back mustache. Harry gathered that they were representatives of the Committee for the Disposal of Dangerous Creatures, because the very old wizard squinted toward Hagrid's cabin and said in a feeble voice, â€Å"Dear, dear, I'm getting too old for this†¦.Two o'clock, isn't it, Fudge?† The black-mustached man was fingering something in his belt; Harry looked and saw that he was running one broad thumb along the blade of a shining axe. Ron opened his mouth to say something, but Hermione nudged him hard in the ribs and jerked her head toward the entrance hall. â€Å"Why'd you stop me?† said Ron angrily as they entered the Great Hall for lunch. â€Å"Did you see them? They've even got the axe ready! This isn't justice!† â€Å"Ron, your dad works for the Ministry, you can't go saying things like that to his boss!† said Hermione, but she too looked very upset. â€Å"As long as Hagrid keeps his head this time, and argues his case properly, they can't possibly execute Buckbeak†¦.† But Harry could tell Hermione didn't really believe what she was saying. All around them, people were talking excitedly as they ate their lunch, happily anticipating the end of the exams that afternoon, but Harry, Ron, and Hermione, lost in worry about Hagrid and Buckbeak, didn't join in. Harry's and Ron's last exam was Divination; Hermione's, Muggle Studies. They walked up the marble staircase together; Hermione left them on the first floor and Harry and Ron proceeded all the way up to the seventh, where many of their class were sitting on the spiral staircase to Professor Trelawney's classroom, trying to cram in a bit of last-minute studying. â€Å"She's seeing us all separately,† Neville informed them as they went to sit down next to him. He had his copy of Unfogging the Future open on his lap at the pages devoted to crystal gazing. â€Å"Have either of you ever seen anything in a crystal ball?† he asked them unhappily. â€Å"Nope,† said Ron in an offhand voice. He kept checking his watch; Harry. knew that he was counting down the time until Buckbeak's appeal started. The line of people outside the classroom shortened very slowly. As each person climbed back down the silver ladder, the rest of the class hissed, â€Å"What did she ask? Was it okay?† But they all refused to say. â€Å"She says the crystal ball's told her that if I tell you, I'll have a horrible accident!† squeaked Neville as he clambered back down the ladder toward Harry and Ron, who had now reached the landing. â€Å"That's convenient,† snorted Ron. â€Å"You know, I'm starting to think Hermione was right about her† — he jabbed his thumb toward the trapdoor overhead — â€Å"she's a right old fraud.† â€Å"Yeah,† said Harry, looking at his own watch. It was now two o'clock. â€Å"Wish she'd hurry up†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Parvati came back down the ladder glowing with pride. â€Å"She says I've got all the makings of a true Seer,† she informed Harry and Ron. â€Å"I saw loads of stuff†¦Well, good luck!† She hurried off down the spiral staircase toward Lavender. â€Å"Ronald Weasley,† said the familiar, misty voice from over their heads. Ron grimaced at Harry and climbed the silver ladder out of sight. Harry was now the only person left to be tested. He settled himself on the floor with his back against the wall, listening to a fly buzzing in the sunny window, his mind across the grounds with Hagrid. Finally, after about twenty minutes, Ron's large feet reappeared on the ladder. â€Å"How'd it go?† Harry asked him, standing up. â€Å"Rubbish,† said Ron. â€Å"Couldn't see a thing, so I made some stuff up. Don't think she was convinced, though†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Meet you in the common room,† Harry muttered as Professor Trelawney's voice called, â€Å"Harry Potter!† The tower room was hotter than ever before; the curtains were closed, the fire was alight, and the usual sickly scent made Harry cough as he stumbled through the clutter of chairs and table to where Professor Trelawney sat waiting for him before a large crystal ball. â€Å"Good day, my dear,† she said softly. â€Å"If you would kindly gaze into the Orb†¦Take your time, now†¦then tell me what you see within it†¦.† Harry bent over the crystal ball and stared, stared as hard as he could, willing it to show him something other than swirling white fog, but nothing happened. â€Å"Well?† Professor Trelawney prompted delicately. â€Å"What do you see?† The heat was overpowering and his nostrils were stinging with the perfumed smoke wafting from the fire beside them. He thought of what Ron had just said, and decided to pretend. â€Å"Er –† said Harry, â€Å"a dark shape†¦um†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"What does it resemble?† whispered Professor Trelawney. â€Å"Think, now†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Harry cast his mind around and it landed on Buckbeak. â€Å"A Hippogriff,† he said firmly. â€Å"Indeed!† whispered Professor Trelawney, scribbling keenly on the parchment perched upon her knees. â€Å"My boy, you may well be seeing the outcome of poor Hagrid's trouble with the Ministry of Magic! Look closer†¦Does the Hippogriff appear to†¦have its head?† â€Å"Yes,† said Harry firmly. â€Å"Are you sure?† Professor Trelawney urged him. â€Å"Are you quite sure, dear? You don't see it writhing on the ground, perhaps, and a shadowy figure raising an axe behind it?† â€Å"No!† said Harry, starting to feel slightly sick. â€Å"No blood? No weeping Hagrid?† â€Å"No!† said Harry again, wanting more than ever to leave the room and the heat. â€Å"It looks fine, it's — flying away†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Professor Trelawney sighed. â€Å"Well, dear, I think we'll leave it there†¦A little disappointing†¦but I'm sure you did your best.† Relieved, Harry got up, picked up his bag and turned to go, but then a loud, harsh voice spoke behind him. â€Å"IT WILL HAPPEN TONIGHT.† Harry wheeled around. Professor Trelawney had gone rigid in her armchair; her eyes were unfocused and her mouth sagging. â€Å"S — sorry?† said Harry. But Professor Trelawney didn't seem to hear him. Her eyes started to roll. Harry sat there in a panic. She looked as though she was about to have some sort of seizure. He hesitated, thinking of running to the hospital wing — and then Professor Trelawney spoke again, in the same harsh voice, quite unlike her own: â€Å"THE DARK LORD LIES ALONE AND FRIENDLESS, ABANDONED BY HIS FOLLOWERS. HIS SERVANT HAS BEEN CHAINED THESE TWELVE YEARS. TONIGHT, BEFORE MIDNIGHT†¦THE SERVANT WILL BREAK FREE AND SET OUT TO REJOIN HIS MASTER. THE DARK LORD WILL RISE AGAIN WITH HIS SERVANT'S AID, GREATER AND MORE TERRIBLE THAN EVER HE WAS. TONIGHT†¦BEFORE MIDNIGHT†¦THE SERVANT†¦WILL SET OUT†¦TO REJOIN†¦HIS MASTER†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Professor Trelawney's head fell forward onto her chest. She made a grunting sort of noise. Harry sat there, staring at her. Then, quite suddenly, Professor Trelawney's head snapped up again. â€Å"I'm so sorry, dear boy,† she said dreamily, â€Å"the heat of the day, you know†¦I drifted off for a moment†¦.† Harry sat there, staring at her. â€Å"Is there anything wrong, my dear?† â€Å"You — you just told me that the — the Dark Lord's going to rise again†¦that his servant's going to go back to him.† Professor Trelawney looked thoroughly startled. â€Å"The Dark Lord? He-Who-Must-Not-Be-Named? My dear boy, that's hardly something to joke about†¦Rise again, indeed –â€Å" â€Å"But you just said it! You said the Dark Lord –â€Å" â€Å"I think you must have dozed off too, dear!† said Professor Trelawney. â€Å"I would certainly not presume to predict anything quite as far-fetched as that!† Harry climbed back down the ladder and the spiral staircase, wondering†¦had he just heard Professor Trelawney make a real prediction? Or had that been her idea of an impressive end to the test? Five minutes later he was dashing past the security trolls outside the entrance to Gryffindor Tower, Professor Trelawney's words still resounding in his head. People were striding past him in the opposite direction, laughing and joking, heading for the grounds and a bit of long-awaited freedom; by the time he had reached the portrait hole and entered the common room, it was almost deserted. Over in the corner, however, sat Ron and Hermione. â€Å"Professor Trelawney,† Harry panted, â€Å"just told me –â€Å" But he stopped abruptly at the sight of their faces. â€Å"Buckbeak lost,† said Ron weakly. â€Å"Hagrid's just sent this.† Hagrid's note was dry this time, no tears had splattered it, yet his hand seemed to have shaken so much as he wrote that it was hardly legible. Lost appeal. They're going to execute at sunset. Nothing you can do. Don't come down. I don't want you to see it. Hagrid â€Å"We've got to go,† said Harry at once. â€Å"He can't just sit there on his own, waiting for the executioner!† â€Å"Sunset, though,† said Ron, who was staring out the window ill a glazed sort of way. â€Å"We'd never be allowed †¦'specially you, Harry†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Harry sank his head into his hands, thinking. â€Å"If we only had the Invisibility Cloak†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Where is it?† said Hermione. Harry told her about leaving it in the passageway under the one-eyed witch. â€Å"†¦ if Snape sees me anywhere near there again, I'm in serious trouble,† he finished. â€Å"That's true,† said Hermione, getting to her feet. â€Å"If he sees you†¦How do you open the witch's hump again?† â€Å"You — you tap it and say, ‘Dissendium,'† said Harry. â€Å"But –â€Å" Hermione didn't wait for the rest of his sentence; she strode across the room, pushed open the Fat Lady's portrait and vanished from sight. â€Å"She hasn't gone to get it?† Ron said, staring after her. She had. Hermione returned a quarter of an hour later with the silvery cloak folded carefully under her robes. â€Å"Hermione, I don't know what's gotten, into you lately!† said Ron, astounded. â€Å"First you hit Malfoy, then you walk out on Professor Trelawney –â€Å" Hermione looked rather flattered. They went down to dinner with everybody else, but did not return to Gryffindor Tower afterward. Harry had the cloak hidden down the front of his robes; he had to keep his arms folded to hide the lump. They skulked in an empty chamber off the entrance hall, listening, until they were sure it was deserted. They heard a last pair of people hurrying across the hall and a door slamming. Hermione poked her head around the door. â€Å"Okay,† she whispered, â€Å"no one there — cloak on –â€Å" Walking very close together so that nobody would see them, they crossed the hall on tiptoe beneath the cloak, then walked down the stone front steps into the grounds. The sun was already sinking behind the Forbidden Forest, gilding the top branches of the trees. They reached Hagrid's cabin and knocked. He was a minute in answering, and when he did, he looked all around for his visitor, pale-faced and trembling. â€Å"It's us,† Harry hissed. â€Å"We're wearing the Invisibility Cloak. Let us in and we can take it off.† â€Å"Yeh shouldn've come!† Hagrid whispered, but he stood back, and they stepped inside. Hagrid shut the door quickly and Harry pulled off the cloak. Hagrid was not crying, nor did he throw himself upon their necks. He looked like a man who did not know where he was or what to do. This helplessness was worse to watch than tears. â€Å"Wan' some tea?† he said. His great hands were shaking as he reached for the kettle. â€Å"Where's Buckbeak, Hagrid?† said Hermione hesitantly. â€Å"I — I took him outside,† said Hagrid, spilling milk all over the table as he filled up the jug. â€Å"He's tethered in me pumpkin patch. Thought he oughta see the trees an' — an' smell fresh air — before –â€Å" Hagrid's hand trembled so violently that the milk jug slipped from his grasp and shattered all over the floor. â€Å"I'll do it, Hagrid,† said Hermione quickly, hurrying over and starting to clean up the mess. â€Å"There's another one in the cupboard,† Hagrid said, sitting down and wiping his forehead on his sleeve. Harry glanced at Ron, who looked back hopelessly. â€Å"Isn't there anything anyone can do, Hagrid?† Harry asked fiercely, sitting down next to him. â€Å"Dumbledore –â€Å" â€Å"He's tried,† said Hagrid. â€Å"He's got no power ter overrule the Committee. He told 'em Buckbeak's all right, but they're scared†¦Yeh know what Lucius Malfoy's like†¦threatened 'em, I expect†¦an' the executioner, Macnair, he's an old pal o' Malfoy's†¦but it'll be quick an' clean†¦an' I'll be beside him†¦.† Hagrid swallowed. His eyes were darting all over the cabin as though looking for some shred of hope or comfort. â€Å"Dumbledore's gonna come down while it — while it happens. Wrote me this mornin'. Said he wants ter — ter be with me. Great man, Dumbledore†¦.† Hermione, who had been rummaging in Hagrid's cupboard for another milk jug, let out a small, quickly stifled sob. She straightened up with the new jug in her hands, fighting back tears. â€Å"We'll stay with you too, Hagrid,† she began, but Hagrid shook his shaggy head. â€Å"Yeh're ter go back up ter the castle. I told yeh, I don' wan' yeh watchin'. An' yeh shouldn' be down here anyway†¦If Fudge an' Dumbledore catch yeh out without permission, Harry, yeh'll be in big trouble.† Silent tears were now streaming down Hermione's face, but she hid them from Hagrid, bustling around making tea. Then, as she picked up the milk bottle to pour some into the jug, she let out a shriek. â€Å"Ron, I don't believe it — it's Scabbers!† Ron gaped at her. â€Å"What are you talking about?† Hermione carried the milk jug over to the table and turned it upside down. With a frantic squeak, and much scrambling to get back inside, Scabbers the rat came sliding out onto the table. â€Å"Scabbers!† said Ron blankly. â€Å"Scabbers, what are you doing here?† He grabbed the struggling rat and held him up to the light. Scabbers looked dreadful. He was thinner than ever, large tufts of hair had fallen out leaving wide bald patches, and he writhed in Ron's hands as though desperate to free himself â€Å"It's okay, Scabbers!† said Ron. â€Å"No cats! There's nothing here to hurt you!† Hagrid suddenly stood up, his eyes fixed on the window. His normally ruddy face had gone the color of parchment. â€Å"They're comin'†¦.† Harry, Ron, and Hermione whipped around. A group of men was walking down the distant castle steps. In front was Albus Dumbledore, his silver beard gleaming in the dying sun. Next to him trotted Cornelius Fudge. Behind them came the feeble old Committee member and the executioner, Macnair. â€Å"Yeh gotta go,† said Hagrid. Every inch of him was trembling. â€Å"They mustn' find yeh here†¦Go now†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Ron stuffed Scabbers into his pocket and Hermione picked up the cloak. â€Å"I'll let yeh out the back way,† said Hagrid. They followed him to the door into his back garden. Harry felt strangely unreal, and even more so when he saw Buckbeak a few yards away, tethered to a tree behind Hagrid's pumpkin patch. Buckbeak seemed to know something was happening. He turned his sharp head from side to side and pawed the ground nervously. â€Å"It's okay, Beaky,† said Hagrid softly. â€Å"It's okay†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He turned to Harry, Ron, and Hermione. â€Å"Go on,† he said. â€Å"Get goin'.† But they didn't move. â€Å"Hagrid, we can't –â€Å" â€Å"We'll tell them what really happened –â€Å" â€Å"They can't kill him –â€Å" â€Å"Go!† said Hagrid fiercely. â€Å"It's bad enough without you lot in trouble an' all!† They had no choice. As Hermione threw the cloak over Harry and Ron, they heard voices at the front of the cabin. Hagrid looked at the place where they had just vanished from sight. â€Å"Go quick,† he said hoarsely. â€Å"Don' listen†¦Ã¢â‚¬  And he strode back into his cabin as someone knocked at the front door. Slowly, in a kind of horrified trance, Harry, Ron, and Hermione set off silently around Hagrid's house. As they reached the other side, the front door closed with a sharp snap. â€Å"Please, let's hurry,† Hermione whispered. â€Å"I can't stand it, I can't bear it†¦.† They started up the sloping lawn toward the castle. The sun was sinking fast now; the sky had turned to a clear, purple-tinged gray, but to the west there was a ruby-red glow. Ron stopped dead. â€Å"Oh, please, Ron,† Hermione began. â€Å"It's Scabbers — he won't — stay put –â€Å" Ron was bent over, trying to keep Scabbers in his pocket, but the rat was going berserk; squeaking madly, twisting and flailing, trying to sink his teeth into Ron's hand. â€Å"Scabbers, it's me, you idiot, it's Ron,† Ron hissed. They heard a door open behind them and men's voices. â€Å"Oh, Ron, please let's move, they're going to do it!† Hermione breathed. â€Å"Okay — Scabbers, stay put –â€Å" They walked forward; Harry, like Hermione, was trying not to listen to the rumble of voices behind them. Ron stopped again. â€Å"I can't hold him — Scabbers, shut up, everyone'll hear us –â€Å" The rat was squealing wildly, but not loudly enough to cover up the sounds drifting from Hagrid's garden. There was a jumble of indistinct male voices, a silence, and then, without warning, the unmistakable swish and thud of an axe. Hermione swayed on the spot. â€Å"They did it!† she whispered to Harry. â€Å"I'd — don't believe it — they did it!†

Applying Dynamic Systems Theory Concepts And Ecological...

Introduction The purpose of this paper is to theoretically analyze a case that involves a six- year- old girl with behavior problems believed to result from past sexual abuse. Using a holistic biopsychosocial approach during analysis should provide useful information for applying theories to show causes and effects of her experiences and behavior. At the completion of analysis, I will have learned the importance of knowing the whole integrated systems, how to apply dynamic systems theory concepts and ecological perspectives when assessing a case, and how to identify strengths and limitations of theories. Biopsychosocial Assessment Biological This case is about Emma. Emma was a full-term baby, and because she was full-term, one could assume all her major organs were fully developed. Her brain was normal for a full-term baby, as well. One could speculate the reason she met all early developmental milestones was due to being full-term. Looking from a neurobiological perspective, we know very little about Emma’s brain; however, we do know her conduct is of concern to both her mother and pediatrician. At a crucial stage of brain development, Emma experienced sexual abuse. One could conclude that her brain was neurologically affected which has resulted in behavior problems due to the condition of her environment. Psychological It took a great deal of courage for Emma to tell her mother about the abuse, and her mother was courageous enough to report it immediately and seekShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding The Behavioral Theories And Practices Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesAssignment 1 – Person-In-Environment Paper Assisting minority groups describes a need for understanding the behavioral theories and practices. These groups present numerous cultural challenges that one has to identify while working with such populations. 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Critical Reflection And Intercultural Relations Between...

Deeply embedded in Islam, Maimonides philosophical works engages in critical reflection and analysis of intercultural relations between Jewish and Muslim traditions and the nature of experiencing the divine. In contrast to his Muslim counterparts however, Maimonides argues against the Muslim hierarchy by stating that no one could ever surpass Moses or his prophecy. Thus Maimonides indirectly rejects the Muslim belief of Muhammad, as well as the Koran, superseding Moses and the Torah. While Judaism and Islam share a monotheist theology, their distinctions and theological overlaps of religious prophecy raises issues of superiority and supremacy in Jewish and Muslim traditions. According to Annabel Keeler, author of, Moses from a Muslim Perspective, the Koran is the Islamic sacred book, believed to be the direct word of Allah, as dictated to Muhammad, in which illustrates Muhammad’s struggle to spread the belief of G-d, as well as highlights the rejection of the Jewish people to Allah. Keeler, in explicating the Islamic view of Moses, demonstrates that Moses exhibits several of the major themes in Islamic tradition, and is therefore mentioned 502 times in the Koran since he is the prophet â€Å"whose career as a messenger of God, lawgiver and leader of his community most closely parallels and foreshadows that of Muhammad†. Thus Moses is considered to be a prophetic predecessor to Muhammad, as well as the pioneer of Muslim prayer since he was the first to establish the practice of

The New World Of Avatar - 1229 Words

I agree that New Worlds need to be strikingly visual in order to make an impact because at the end of the day, any art form or media needs to gain attention and attract viewers. A strikingly visual setting, when done right can tell many stories. New World media involves a lot of fantasy as it is a striking, and an innovate way to view one’s world in the context of another world. Avatar is one example of a New World media that is strikingly visual and has had a huge impact in the movie industry, not only because it grossed over 2 billion dollars worldwide but because of the new age technology needed to create such a masterpiece and the themes involved in the final product. The themes highlighting colonization, and it’s affect on the natives, or in this case, the Na’vi. all very similar to the real life aspects, but done in the form of fantasy so it is taking in a place of fiction. Another example of a strikingly visual form of New World media is photography and Michael Cook’s photography, which incorporates fantasy and reality to bring light to social issues and various injustices that occurred due to colonization. James Cameron’s Avatar being in 3D was one element that contributed to the stiking visualization of the movie. 3D visualizations attract viewers because 3D is the natural form of vision for predators. Stereoscopic 3D vision contributes to a sharper and more insightful trajectory interception, hence the reason viewers are more drawn to 3D movies than 2D ones.Show MoreRelatedLacan ´s Mirror Stage Essay1284 Words   |  6 Pageshuman mind truth identity and agency in the world. Advance in technologies brought us an opportunity to create virtual worlds2 and in many ways artificial reality is bound by the fundamental rules of gravity, day night cycle, space distance and even living creatures to inhabit the virtual world. 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The first type is designed primarily for game play, and the second type almost exclusively for communications. Gaming virtual worlds also abbreviated as

Lack of Motivation/ work ethic in American youth Free Essays

string(93) " the individual includes affiliation, recognition of talents and potentials, and competence\." Every one is faced with the challenge of living his life amidst the challenges that it presents to the individual. The individual must determine the way he must live his life, the way he is supposed to live his life, and how to behave or react to the situations that life presents to him. In a way, all individual carries a goal in his life in order for him to get what he wants and what he deserves. We will write a custom essay sample on Lack of Motivation/ work ethic in American youth or any similar topic only for you Order Now Through these situations, one may feel overwhelmed and incapable of making the right choices at the right time. there are also several times in which a person will experience failure and be wrong about the decisions in his life. To understand the cause of failure, the emotions that contributes and results to failure, entails a sense of lack of interest for the individual to pursue his dreams or aspirations in life. All these things are a contributing factor to the development of motivation in the individual. Or the absence of which defines the lack of motivation. The paper will explore the concept of motivation. In doing so, the discussion regarding how motivation is developed and the reasons for the lack of it will be evaluated. Specifically, the paper will examine why American youths lacks motivation and work ethic despite the opportunities presented to them in a first-world country like the United States. To begin, let us define the concept of motivation. Motivation is defined as a noun that gives a person a reason to act (Encarta, 2006). It can also be defined as the desire of an individual to accomplish a goal or participate in any activity that promotes his goals and aspirations in life.   Motivation is the driving force behind the actions and behaviors of an organism. It is the internal state or condition that gives direction or desire to drive the person towards a goal-oriented behavior. Motivation should also be understood as based on emotions. It is the search for positive emotional experiences. A person motivated tries not to worry about the challenges or the negative ideas when facing challenges. Motivation is essential to be part of one person’s growth and life because simply, it involves the person’s performance in all learned responses to the challenges. One good theoretical definition of motivation is used by Abraham Maslow in his developed concept, the hierarchy of needs. The hierarchy of needs explains how personality influences different fields of and within the individual. Maslow uses the hierarchy to reflect the realities of personal experiences. Maslow as a psychology theoretician is classified in one of the school of though in psychology which is the humanist approach. In the particular view, their approach is not based on mechanical forces, reinforcements or stimuli, unconscious instinctual impulses or how other psychology school of thought perceives it. Humanist believes that the individual’s potentials drive him to his success. Maslow attributed that the fullness of one’s potentials is contributed by a mentality of a fully functioning person and a person who has a healthy personality. Maslow attributed these characteristics to a self-actualized person. The contribution of Maslow in defining the character of an individual is essential for us in understanding why US teenagers lack motivation nowadays and lacks work ethics. In Maslow’s theory of the hierarchy of needs, the basic needs such as food, shelter and clothing are instinctive needs. The basic needs are the first level in Maslow’s five levels of basic needs. The needs mentioned above the basic needs are understanding, esthetic appreciation and purely spiritual needs. It must be noted that the fist level of needs must be fulfilled first before the rest and above needs are fulfilled. The need mentioned by Maslow that is important in the development of one’s self is first the physiological needs. The physiological needs are biological needs that serve as the basic needs like oxygen, food and water. Second, the safety needs. The safety needs, after the physiological needs are satisfied, the need for security alarms the person. Take for instance an adult responding to an emergency or a child’s moments of insecurity. Third level is the need for love, affection and belongingness. After the two latter needs are satisfied, Maslow theorized that people seek to overcome feelings of loneliness and alienation. That is why this need is realized through socialization processes of the individual. The fourth level is the need for esteem. Both self-esteem and esteem from other persons becomes dominant at one point. Human needs stable self-respect and respect from other people. Without this realization, people tend to feel weak, helpless and worthless. After four below levels are satisfied, the top level emerges and becomes dominant. This is the need for self-actualization. This level is what Maslow attributed as the person in which he must be and was born to be. The self-actualization needs enable the person to feel restless, on the edge or even confused in his pursuit for his right state of mind. Maslow believes that this level makes an individual realize what he must be doing for his personal fulfillment. He also believes that the society is placing hindrances for a person to fulfill his self-actualization needs. Education is one of the hindrances that Maslow mentioned. This had caused the call for action of educators to respond to this need and focus on the potentials of the individual. After providing the basic theoretical concept for us to understand the lack of motivation and work ethics among teenagers, the concrete studies and reasons for such will be discussed and explored. Many studies had already contributed in the society’s understanding of how humans are motivated and the reasons for the lack of it. We mentioned earlier the theory conceptualized by Maslow, the Hierarchy of Needs, because the strong point in using this theory is the comprehension that the higher level of needs of the individual includes affiliation, recognition of talents and potentials, and competence. You read "Lack of Motivation/ work ethic in American youth" in category "Essay examples" Motivation is a concept in life that that originated in the Latin word â€Å"motus† which means to move. Being motivated is an indication of a person’s strong will to overcome obstacles and challenges. It initiates action for the individual to move towards a direction beneficial for him. Motivation is regarded as a process of integrating and interaction between internal and external factors of an individual. LACK OF MOTIVATION In understanding the lack of motivation among teenagers in the United States, we must first give importance to the role of society and its means that reflects the lack of motivation among teens. Today, media and entertainment influence greatly on teenagers. Each of them is influenced through music, movies and others. These factors one way or another, without us knowing, is a contributing factor to one’s lack of motivation, the same way that these influences become a motivating factor in the formation of goals of teenagers. Some of them want to become rich and popular. Some wants to like the personalities that they admire. But in further discussion of the lack of motivation and work ethics among teenagers, several reasons can be attributed to such in a much larger perspective and theoretical framework. According to Stipek (1988), several reasons for the lack of motivation are brought by internal and external factors. Teenagers do not define goals that characterize their personal success. These goals initiate the motivation, the drive for the person to do something to fulfill them. Or even if they have goals, the goals and activities in which it is executed is the wrong method in fulfilling it. The goals may also be non-achievable goals. Another attributed reason for the lack of motivation is the negative feelings and emotions one person situates his or herself at. Teenagers also have the tendency to set goals for future endeavors, and if they fail, they lose the drive to try to achieve it once more. That is why goals must be set within bounds of achieving them in time. The prolong satisfaction of achieving goals in the distant future affects teenagers lack of motivation. The goals set by teenagers also are not reflected in their present-day activities. The activities they include themselves may be not related to the goals they have set. Stipek (1988) also mentioned that the important goals teenagers must achieve should not conflict their present-day activities. Motivation also comes with reinforcements and rewards. Lack of motivation can also be attributed to low incentives that teenagers get disappointed at. Another significant reason why teenagers lack motivation is the interference and influence of personal problems in their family, society and the activities they participate in. To address to this problem, parents and educators must share the same responsibility to increase motivation among teenagers to achieve success and realize their potentials. As we have discussed the reasons for teenagers’ lack of motivation, it is now the goal of educators, parents and the society in greater scale to act on this phenomenon. Parents and educators must encourage teenagers to become authentic, to listen to themselves and the inner voices that govern their emotions. Parents and educators must teach the teenagers to be different because the reality is, everybody is different. The media and the different personalities and figures in the society today greatly influences teens today and this brings several challenges for the development of one’s individuality. Teenagers want to be who ever they admire and see on television, which brought such problems as the reason why teenagers want to be skinny, undergo surgical procedures to look like their idols or be popular. They must teach teenagers to transcend the limitations and perception of cultural differences. They must also teach the importance of following their hearts desire, as clichà © as it may sound. Their calling, fate or destiny will be able to motivate them in achieving their goals. To this goal parents and educators must encourage teenagers to discover their potentials and develop the skills they inherently have. Also important is to instill in teenagers mind that life is worth to be experienced thus the need to do necessary actions to live life to the fullest and to their potentials. Parents and educators must also accept the teenagers for their own personality and must not give reasons for them to doubt what they want is not what they are supposed to do. Encouragement and reinforcements is very essential in overcoming the challenge with lack of motivation. from the real attitudes and perception of the teenagers, potentials are discovered and further developed into something the teenager will perceive as essential for him to achieve success and happiness. Also as the responsibility of parents, the basic needs must be satisfied. Included in which is safety, belongingness and esteem need. Parents must secure these needs before the teenager can focus on his personal development and achievement of goals. He will appreciate the things done for him to achieve success in life. As for the role of educators, they must refresh the knowledge and consciousness of teenagers for them to realize their importance in the society. In conjunction with satisfying the need for belongingness, teenagers are encouraged and motivated is they have an idea of their worth and importance of the role they play in the society. Teenagers must be taught to control the activities in their lives, to get involve in activities that are related to their goals. When an individual has control in their life, it naturally improves the condition of their life in all aspects. This means that teenagers must be taught to be aware how to grace under pressure and practice minimalism. Teenagers must also be encouraged by parent and educators to never give in to failure. They must let them understanding the failures is a natural occurrence that one has to learn and live in. parents and educators must also encourage teenagers to transcend into personal problems for their own benefits. With the growing alarm rate of divorced parents in the United States, parents must make it a priority to let teenagers understand the situation for them to realize that they are still important amidst the personal problems they encounter. Whether it may occur in the home or in school, the responsibility to overcome lack of motivation must involve the teenager to adhere to the situation and react to it in a positive manner. Although this is not an easy process as we are still govern mostly of our emotions, parents and educators must enforce teenager’s perception of a better life ahead of these problems and negative situations. Lastly, parents and educators must give teenagers the right to choose and present them with viable choices for them fulfill their potentials, goals and aspirations. Reference: Stipek, D. (1988). Motivation to learn: From theory to practice. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Mary, Rose. â€Å"Tips on how to overcome lack of motivation while working at home†. EzineArticles. November 1, 2006. December 1, 2006 http://ezinearticles.com/?Tips-on-How-to-Overcome-Lack-of-Motivation-While-Working-at-Homeid=344463 Huitt, W. (2004). â€Å"Maslow’s hierarchy of needs†. Educational Psychology Interactive. Valdosta State University. Retrieved December 1, 2006 from, http://chiron.valdosta.edu/whuitt/col/regsys/maslow.html. Anonymous. â€Å"Adherance to Youth Guidelines.† 1. Maslow, A. H. â€Å"A Theory of Human Motivation.† Classics in the History of Psychology Christopher D. Green, 1943. Messina, J. J., and Messina, C. M. . â€Å"Testing Motivation in Recovery.† 2006. Perera, Karl. â€Å"Self-Motivation.† 2005.    How to cite Lack of Motivation/ work ethic in American youth, Essay examples

Innovative Delivery of Target Australia Free-Samples for Students

Question: Identify a Potential Business venture Incorporating a new or Emerging technology and Produce a report on their venture to the class. Answer: Introduction The report focuses on the implementation of a new technology in a company. It can be said that development of technology and science in the company operations leads to the success of the business of the company in terms of competition and profitability. The company chosen for new technology is Target Australia Pty Ltd. The technology that Target Australia Pty Ltd will be using in terms of product delivery is Un-manned delivery options using robotics vehicle. The report will provide a detailed description of the technology used by Target Australia Pty Ltd in its business operations. Apart from that, many issues are pointed out in terms of legal problems, competitors pressure, environmental support, governmental support, etc. are to be described in details so that the company can use the technology in order to increase the profitability as well as increase of sales. The main aim of Target Australia Pty Ltd is to increase the customer satisfaction by the use of robots in the Un-manned d elivery options so that it can put emphasis on the issue of decreasing sales. Identification of the potential business venture incorporating a new and emerging technology Background of the organization: Target Australia Pty Ltd is a departmental store in Australia that sells products at mid prices. The company is owned by Wesfarmers and has largest number of stores across different region of Australia. Target Australia Pty Ltd is operating over 125 Target County Stores and 183 Target stores across Australia. The company has reputation as a well known retailer that focuses on selling cosmetics, clothing, electrical, toys, consumer electronics, fitness and homewares. Target Australia Pty Ltd is considered as an iconic retailer in Australia that has dedicated to create style, fashion, and quality, which are affordable to common people. The company is committed to provide quality products and services to the different Australian consumers. However, it can be said that due to the high competition and the different of departmental stores that are ruling in Australia, the sales of the company is gradually decreasing in terms of online platforms. Hence, the company is focused on using techn ologies that are used in the faster delivery options to the Australian customers (Target, 2017). Potential need for incorporating the potential venture: The only major reason for availing the unmanned delivery service is to offer the fastest service and reduce the wait to near zero time. The aim of the Company is to deliver quality products at a low price and in the least possible time. Target Australia Pty Ltd business model is pretty simple (Leonardi et al., 2014). It has been found that the demand for the supply of product is increasing and people are relying on home delivery rather than going to the market and making the purchase. Keeping the increasing demand into consideration, it is important for the Company to deliver the product as quickly as possible. It is for the same reason unmanned delivery service could be the most effective strategy that Target Australia Pty Ltd could undertake in order to fulfill the objectives of the business (Nufer, 2013). In addition to this, there also remain the chance that the Company would also be able to increase the influence and prevalence of its brand in the online market. It has been found that the Company has not been gaining the targeted revenue as it has aimed at. The reason could be the increased number of competitors in the market. In order to create greater domination in the market, it is important to come up with an innovative approach that would eventually help to boost the sales of the Company and would target more numbers of consumers (Rubinstein et al., 2014). If the Company becomes successful in the unmanned delivery services, it would create a revolutionary move in the online retail services and Target Australia Pty Ltd would be considered as the innovator of the service in the major operating regions of Australia. In fact, this mode of service would make it challenging for the competitors to compete with Target Australia Pty Ltd and provide similar service to the increasing demanding consumers. In addition to this, the Company would also get the potentiality of making sustainability approach towards the environment (Belik, 2016). It is w hen the delivery option would no longer depend on fuel based vehicles the Company can contribute towards a greener and pollution free environment as well. Discussion on the acquisition of the new technology Proposed innovative approach undertaken: The innovative delivery option that has been undertaken for this retail company is that the company would come up with an app that would give the consumers the ability to control the delivery of the product. It has been found that many organizations like Amazon or Dominos has already considered the option of unmanned delivery in order to reduce the time and cost of delivering products (Hilvert Swindell, 2013). However, the new and innovative approach that Target Australia Pty Ltd would consider is that the Company would offer the control of the delivery location to the consumers only. The consumers would be able to reset the delivery location as per their convenience. It has been found that many times the location set by the consumers needs to be changed because the delivery takes time and by the mean time, the consumers might have to change the location (Miller, 2013). However, it can be ascertain that the change in location would not be far away. Most importantly, Target Australia Pty Ltd is responsible for delivering the product in the local regions only and thus, the change in location would not be much complex. It is a unique means of delivering service and that it is expected that in target would undertake this approach, it would eventually increase the revenue of the organization. It has been found that the major delivering areas where the Company has to deliver its products are the college campuses or the office and residential areas where there remains the opportunity of delivering products in the open and wide areas. Thus, there would be enough space for the drone to navigate the area and deliver the same to the consumers. As commented by Friedman and Gerstein, (2014), people are getting accustomed with the changes in the services and the experiences with manned and unmanned services are common scenarios. Robotic cars, use of robots for serving people in restaurants are common things with which people are getting accu stomed. Thus, the opportunity of delivering goods by unmanned vehicle is high. Advantages and benefits of the acquisition of the technology: If Target Australia Pty Ltd would undertake the option of unmanned delivery, the organization would be gaining advantages from various aspects of the business. These can be mentioned below: Innovative delivery option: This delivery option looks like a science fiction but in real. The new delivery system has the advantage of delivering the product within a small time. Advantage of delivering in difficult terrain regions: Target Australia Pty Ltd would be able to deliver its products even in the difficult terrain like the mountains, jungles with ease taking the shortest route in many cases (Hilvert Swindell, 2013). Thus, any kind of restricted area in terms of its infrastructure like the rail lines or the highways can be easily avoided and drone delivery service would do the rest of the work. Cost effectives: Most importantly, unmanned delivery services are cost effective compared to what is paid to the human pilot that remains the only option for delivering the products. When the overall cost of service and delivery reduces, there would remain the opportunity for the Company to reduce their overall cost of the products and they could offer more discounts or free delivery charges to the consumers (Belik, 2016). Potential steps undertaken for achieving the objectives: It is important to legalize the delivery approach that the organization might undertake. The Company needs to test the delivering options so that it would not create any kind of mis management in the area of operation. Therefore, it is expected that if al, kinds of legal formalities are met and the unmanned delivery vehicle is tested before making the delivery in actual, there remains the possibility that the planned delivery option would be a successful one. Identification of difficulties Legal problems: The legal problems of the use of robotics in the system of Un-manned delivery options are restricted to the daytime use. It is said that the robot vehicles usually do not operate with the persons who are not associated with flights. Those vehicles should yield to another aircraft. The vehicles will fly more than 500 ft above the sky. The operations of the technology will be controlled by the consumers in terms of their time of delivery of items to them. The regulatory body in Australia has formulated laws and orders that will formulate laws of the sky. The robotic vehicles must have the remote pilot certificate. On the other hand, hobbyists are responsible for flying the un-manned vehicle without having two licenses (Visser, Nemoto Browne, 2014). The regulations of the regulatory departments in Australia have many limitations such as the robotics vehicle operators must keep the unmanned aircraft system in the line of sight. It will effectively prohibit the drone services of Google a nd Amazon. The operators must be minimum of 16 years of age while having a remote pilot certificate that will come from UAS rating. The vehicles must pass the privacy issues that falls under National Telecommunications and Information Administration. The robotics vehicles of Target Australia Pty Limited have to pass through a background check of TSA. They must have anti collision lights if they will fly in twilight. Otherwise, the vehicles are not allowed to fly in the evening or in low light (Rodrigues et al., 2017). Environmental issues: It can be said that the un-manned delivery system of Target Australia Pty Ltd are responsible for having environmental impact. The robotic vehicles in terms of energy consumption are equivalent to run approximately 5 to 6 times as many delivery vans on the road. It can be said that the environment gets affected in terms of the aerial environment. It is seen that the robotic vehicles present in the sky are hurting the creatures above the sky. Apart from that, it is termed as a willful destruction of the aerial habitat of the birds. The energy consumption is also huge (Nicholas Carswell, 2013). Target Australia Pty Ltd will notice many accidents in the un-manned delivery system technology automation. Support from the government: It is seen that government of Australia may support the technologies used by Target Australia Pty Ltd in the un-manned system delivery using robotic vehicles in their country like that of the delivery of the products sold by other companies. Government of Australia is responsible for the support of the technology of the company that focused on the exploration of the viability of the delivery of the small parcels that is delivered by the robotic vehicles. It is for the first time Australian company uses this technology for faster delivery of their products to the customers in their online platforms. However, it can be said that the other teams of regulatory bodies of Australia that are related with this technology such as Civil Aviation Authority that will give permission to the company while exploring three major areas such as obstacle avoidance, operations beyond the line of sight, and flights where a single person operates different multiple robotic vehicles (Rodrigues et al., 2017 ). It can be said that the robotic vehicles of Target Australia Pty Ltd. are responsible of carrying many deliverables that weighs 3 kg. It is predicted that the company will increase its sales by using this technology. The sales amount will result to almost 85% of the sales. The aim of the company is to deliver the products within 30 minutes of time to the customers around different parts of the world. This approach is considered as the ground-breaking approach that will be safely used by Target Australia Pty Ltd in the logistics industry. The approach is responsible for identifying different types of safety regulations and operating rules that is required for moving the drone industry across different parts of the world (Pajares, 2015). Competitors pressure: Robotic vehicles technology in the un-manned system of delivery is a modern technology that will be not only used by Target Australia Pty Ltd. but also many other companies in different sectors. The lists of companies using drone technologies are Just Eat, Yo! Sushi, Walmart, Balfour Beatty, Amazon, Drones for farming, Asda drones, Gaudis Sagrada Familia, etc. These companies use drone technologies for many purposes (Duan Li, 2014). However, it can be said that as a departmental store after Asda, Target Australia Pty Ltd. is the first company that has used drone technology in the delivery of their products to the customers in Australia. Apart from that, it can be said that there are few companies, which are using the drone technology for delivering customers products. The list of companies is Dominos Pizza, Ukranian Postal Service, Mercedes, Workhorse, etc. These are considered as the direct competitors of Target Australia Pty Ltd. of the delivery services (Yang Coughlin, 2014). Conclusion It can be concluded that the robotics vehicle technology that will be used by Target Australia Pty Ltd. has numerous benefits. It is mentioned in the report in a detailed manner. However, the company is facing many issues in terms of legal aspects, environmental aspects, competitors aspect, etc. Recommendations will be formulated based on the problems that will be faced by Target Australia Pty Ltd. in terms of implementation of the new technology in the different business operations in terms of product delivery. Target Australia Pty Ltd. needs to develop the robotics ecosystem, which will improve regulatory spaces for the technology management before the delivery through the vehicles can get off from the ground. The un-manned system of delivery using robotic vehicles recognized of having a great potential while enhancing the services in order to provide rapid parcel delivery to millions of customers, which will increase the overall efficiency, and safety of the transportation system of the products delivered by Target Australia Pty Ltd. It is also pointed out that, there are certain characteristics of the products that are delivered by the technology. However, it can be said that 70% of the packages of Target products fit the criteria of the weight qualification program of the company. There are many legal regulations that the company is facing in Australia in order to continue the operations within the country. Recommendations The report describes about numerous benefits and aspects of un-manned system of faster delivery. However, apart from having many advantages, there are issues also that Target Australia Pty Ltd. will be facing while using the robotics vehicle technology in the actual field of operations. Though Target Australia Pty Ltd. is one of the most renowned companies in Australia, it has used many technologies for starting the un-manned system of faster delivery services for fast delivery of the products to the Australian customers. But recommendations are provided based on the issues that will be faced by the new technology (Callam, 2015). The company should use anti collusion lights to the robotic vehicles so that they can work in the twilight. The vehicles must pass to the tests of the regulatory bodies of the Australia. The emerging technology must reduce the environmental impact of the atmosphere. The vehicles must improve their services while increasing their areas of operations as the competitor companies are increasing (Anderson Gaston, 2013). Target Australia Pty Ltd. must approach to government of various countries for the world to get support from different aspects such as financial and other technological help. Technologies are to be used that are to be used for increasing the durability of the technologies of Target Australia Pty Ltd References BAnderson, K., Gaston, K. J. (2013). Lightweight unmanned aerial vehicles will revolutionize spatial ecology.Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment,11(3), 138-146. Belik, M. (2016).Innovative developments and managerial factors as key enablers of deepwater riser project delivery(Master's thesis, University of Stavanger, Norway). Callam, A. (2015). Drone wars: Armed unmanned aerial vehicles.International Affairs Review,18. Duan, H., Li, P. (2014).Bio-inspired computation in unmanned aerial vehicles. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. 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